论文标题
数字量子计算机上的限制和纠缠动态
Confinement and Entanglement Dynamics on a Digital Quantum Computer
论文作者
论文摘要
当两个粒子之间的吸引力随距离生长时，限制描述了这种现象，这是在夸克之间量子染色体动力学（QCD）中最突出发现的。在冷凝物理物理学中，可以在量子旋转链中出现限制，例如，在一个较大的横向场ISING模型（TFIM）中，具有附加的纵向场，在量子材料cobalt Niobate或光学晶格中著名地观察到。在这里，我们确定最先进的量子计算机已经达到了量子模拟功能，以探索旋转链中的限制物理。我们报告了TFIM在IBM量子计算机上的定量限制特征，这些计算机通过两个不同的速度观察到了来自域壁及其中间结合状态的信息传播。我们还发现，通过为二阶Renyi纠缠熵实施随机测量方案，限制引起的纠缠扩散速度放缓。我们的结果是在经典硬件功能之外探测数字量子计算机上非扰动相互作用量子现象的关键步骤。
Confinement describes the phenomenon when the attraction between two particles grows with their distance, most prominently found in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) between quarks. In condensed matter physics, confinement can appear in quantum spin chains, for example, in the one dimensional transverse field Ising model (TFIM) with an additional longitudinal field, famously observed in the quantum material cobalt niobate or in optical lattices. Here, we establish that state-of-the-art quantum computers have reached quantum simulation capabilities to explore confinement physics in spin chains. We report quantitative confinement signatures of the TFIM on an IBM quantum computer observed via two distinct velocities for information propagation from domain walls and their mesonic bound states. We also find the confinement induced slow down of entanglement spreading by implementing randomized measurement protocols for the second order Renyi entanglement entropy. Our results are a crucial step for probing non-perturbative interacting quantum phenomena on digital quantum computers beyond the capabilities of classical hardware.
