论文标题
战略资产的逻辑：从石油到人工智能
The Logic of Strategic Assets: From Oil to Artificial Intelligence
论文作者
论文摘要
哪些资源和技术是战略性的？这个问题通常是政策和理论辩论的重点，标签“战略”指定了那些值得关注国家最高层面的资产。但是，这些对话遭到分析混乱，启发式缺陷以及“战略性”来推进特定议程的言辞。我们旨在通过概念上的澄清来改善这些对话，引入基于重要的竞争外部性的理论，该理论不会由市场或各个国家安全实体独自产生社会最佳行为。我们将这些外部性的最重要三种形式提炼并理论，这些形式涉及累积，基础架构和依赖性战略逻辑。然后，我们采用这些逻辑来澄清三个重要案例：1950年代的Avon 2引擎，1980年代后期的美国 - 日本技术竞争以及有关人工智能的当代对话。
What resources and technologies are strategic? This question is often the focus of policy and theoretical debates, where the label "strategic" designates those assets that warrant the attention of the highest levels of the state. But these conversations are plagued by analytical confusion, flawed heuristics, and the rhetorical use of "strategic" to advance particular agendas. We aim to improve these conversations through conceptual clarification, introducing a theory based on important rivalrous externalities for which socially optimal behavior will not be produced alone by markets or individual national security entities. We distill and theorize the most important three forms of these externalities, which involve cumulative-, infrastructure-, and dependency-strategic logics. We then employ these logics to clarify three important cases: the Avon 2 engine in the 1950s, the U.S.-Japan technology rivalry in the late 1980s, and contemporary conversations about artificial intelligence.
