论文标题
Tony Skyrme和Skyrmions的起源
Tony Skyrme and the Origins of Skyrmions
论文作者
论文摘要
我首先讨论了托尼·斯基姆（Tony Skyrme）高度原创节目（1958-62）的主要动机，即从1984年的Cosener's House Talk中描述了将纤维基因核子从骨髓倾斜领域中脱颖而出。这些都不喜欢点状的基本颗粒，他对无限谐波的统一性归咎于量身定量，并以量子的方式构成了量子的范围。在这方面，他受到威廉·汤姆森（William Thomson）（凯尔文勋爵）的强烈影响，他对赫尔姆霍尔茨（Helmholtz）在流体涡流中保存循环（“ Wirbelbewegung”）的证明给他留下了深刻的印象，以至于他在乙醚液中发展了整个原子理论。 Skyrme喜欢机械模型，Kelvin也喜欢机械模型，他对Kelvin机器在预测潮汐方面的独创性着迷，一个例子位于他祖父的家中。这似乎与他对玻色粒领域的强烈偏爱相关，而玻色粒领域的局限性比不可能的纤维基因领域。然后，我在1958 - 62年的六篇论文系列中绘制了Skyrme的想法的进步，该论文当时在很大程度上没有引起人们的注意。我强调了他的非凡直觉，即定量时，经典的正弦格式方程的扭结解决方案将是一种速度，而在三维情况下，他对Skyrmion Winding数字具有Baryon数字的新颖性。我最终简要描述了Skyrme的作品与1983 - 4年的QCD之间的关系。
I first discuss the main motivations for Tony Skyrme's highly original program (1958-62) of making fermionic nucleons out of bosonic pion fields, as described in his Cosener's House talk in 1984. These include a dislike of point-like elementary particles, which he blamed for infinite renormalization, and a preference for extended objects distinguished by what we would now call topological quantum numbers. In this he was strongly influenced by William Thomson (Lord Kelvin), who was so impressed by Helmholtz's proof of the conservation of circulation ("Wirbelbewegung") in fluid vortices that he developed an entire theory of atoms as knotted vortices in the ether fluid. Skyrme liked mechanical models, as did Kelvin, and he grew up fascinated by the ingenuity of Kelvin's machine for predicting tides, an example of which stood in his grandfather's house. This seems to have been connected to his strong preference for bosonic fields, which have a classical limit, over fermionic fields which do not. I then sketch the progress of Skyrme's ideas in the series of six papers in the years 1958-62, which passed largely unnoticed at the time. I emphasize his remarkable intuition that the kink solution of the classical Sine-Gordon equation would be a fermion when quantized, and the novelty of his identification of the Skyrmion winding number with baryon number in the three-dimensional case. I end by briefly describing how Skyrme's work was dramatically related to QCD in 1983-4.
