论文标题
量子平衡的现代概念不排除奇怪的放松动态
Modern Concepts of Quantum Equilibration Do Not Rule Out Strange Relaxation Dynamics
论文作者
论文摘要
已经引入了许多关键概念，以阐明封闭量子系统中放松和/或平衡的难题。所有这些概念在某种程度上都依赖于哈密顿人$ h $，可观察到的$ a $和初始状态$ρ$或其组合的特定条件。我们在数值上证明并在分析上争辩说，有多种对$ h，这是满足平衡条件并产生一些“典型”期望值动态的条件，这意味着，$ \ langle a（t）\ rangle \ propto f（t）$大约适用于所有初始状态。值得注意的是，尽管存在对$ f（t）$的限制，但它们根本不排除$ f（t）$在热放松方面相当不利或“奇怪”。
Numerous pivotal concepts have been introduced to clarify the puzzle of relaxation and/or equilibration in closed quantum systems. All of these concepts rely in some way on specific conditions on Hamiltonians $H$, observables $A$, and initial states $ρ$ or combinations thereof. We numerically demonstrate and analytically argue that there is a multitude of pairs $H,A$ that meet said conditions for equilibration and generate some "typical" expectation value dynamics which means, $\langle A(t)\rangle \propto f(t)$ approximately holds for the vast majority of all initial states. Remarkably we find that, while restrictions on the $f(t)$ exist, they do not at all exclude $f(t)$ that are rather adverse or "strange" regarding thermal relaxation.
