论文标题
开普勒行星系统的发生和结构作为恒星质量和有效温度的功能
Occurrence and Architecture of Kepler Planetary Systems as Functions of Stellar Mass and Effective Temperature
论文作者
论文摘要
开普勒任务已经发现了各种光谱类型（M，K，G和F）周围的数千个系外行星，从而不同，因此不同的质量和有效的温度。先前的研究表明，按照每星星的平均行星数量，行星的发生率随着恒星有效温度（TEFF）的升高而下降。在本文中，随着最终的开普勒数据释放（DR25）目录，我们重新审视了恒星有效温度（以及质量）和行星发生之间的关系，但就具有行星的恒星和每个行星系统的行星数量（即行星多重性）而言。我们发现，随着恒星温度和质量的升高，具有行星和行星多样性的恒星的比例都会降低。具体而言，大约75％的晚期恒星（TEFF <5000 K）具有类似开普勒的行星，平均行星多重性约为2.8；而对于早期型恒星（TEFF> 6500 K），这一部分和平均多样性分别降至〜35％和〜1.8。使用$δ$ AIC> 30的恒星恒星比例的下降趋势非常重要，尽管行星多样性的趋势在某种程度上是有些暂时的，而$δ$ aic 〜5。我们的结果还使我们能够在与恒星有效温度的关系下得出行星轨道倾斜的分散。有趣的是，发现它类似于倾斜和恒星温度之间众所周知的趋势，表明这两个趋势可能具有共同的起源。
The Kepler mission has discovered thousands of exoplanets around various stars with different spectral types (M, K, G, and F) and thus different masses and effective temperatures. Previous studies have shown that the planet occurrence rate, in terms of average number of planets per star, drops with increasing stellar effective temperature (Teff). In this paper, with the final Kepler Data Release (DR25) catalog, we revisit the relation between stellar effective temperature (as well as mass) and planet occurrence, but in terms of the fraction of stars with planets and the number of planets per planetary system (i.e. planet multiplicity). We find that both the fraction of stars with planets and planet multiplicity decrease with increasing stellar temperature and mass. Specifically, about 75% late-type stars (Teff<5000 K) have Kepler-like planets with an average planet multiplicity of ~2.8; while for early-type stars (Teff>6500 K), this fraction and the average multiplicity fall down to ~35% and ~1.8, respectively. The decreasing trend in the fraction of stars with planets is very significant with $Δ$AIC> 30, though the trend in planet multiplicity is somewhat tentative with $Δ$AIC~5. Our results also allow us to derive the dispersion of planetary orbital inclinations in relationship with stellar effective temperature. Interestingly, it is found to be similar to the well-known trend between obliquity and stellar temperature, indicating that the two trends might have a common origin.
