论文标题
$ω$ - 规范语言的四值可监视性
Four-valued monitorability of $ω$-regular languages
论文作者
论文摘要
运行时验证(RV)是一种轻巧的正式技术,在其中监视和分析程序或系统执行,以检查有限数量的步骤后是否满足或违反了某些属性。 RV的使用引起了决定是否可以监控财产的兴趣:在有限的未来延续之后确定财产是否总是有可能的。但是,经典的两值可监视性受到了两个固有的局限性。首先,只能将属性评估为可监视或不可监控的;没有关于是否仅检测到一个判决(满意或违规)的信息。其次,在语言级别上定义可监视性,并且没有告诉我们在系统执行过程中从当前的监视器状态开始是否可以检测到满意度或违规行为。 为了解决这些限制,本文提出了针对$ω$语言的四个值可监视性的新概念,并将其应用于州级别。四值可监视性比两值可监视性更具信息性,因为可以将属性评估为四值结果,表示只有满意,只有违规或两者都有可监视的属性而活跃。我们还可以计算状态级弱的可监视性,即可以从监视器中的给定状态开始检测到满意度或违规行为,该状态可以实现监视算法的状态级优化。基于新的六值语义,我们提出了计算$ω$等级语言的四值可监视性的程序,无论是在语言级别还是在州级处。我们已经开发了一种新工具,该工具实现了用于计算LTL公式可监视性的建议程序。
Runtime Verification (RV) is a lightweight formal technique in which program or system execution is monitored and analyzed, to check whether certain properties are satisfied or violated after a finite number of steps. The use of RV has led to interest in deciding whether a property is monitorable: whether it is always possible for the satisfaction or violation of the property to be determined after a finite future continuation. However, classical two-valued monitorability suffers from two inherent limitations. First, a property can only be evaluated as monitorable or non-monitorable; no information is available regarding whether only one verdict (satisfaction or violation) can be detected. Second, monitorability is defined at the language-level and does not tell us whether satisfaction or violation can be detected starting from the current monitor state during system execution. To address these limitations, this paper proposes a new notion of four-valued monitorability for $ω$-languages and applies it at the state-level. Four-valued monitorability is more informative than two-valued monitorability as a property can be evaluated as a four-valued result, denoting that only satisfaction, only violation, or both are active for a monitorable property. We can also compute state-level weak monitorability, i.e., whether satisfaction or violation can be detected starting from a given state in a monitor, which enables state-level optimizations of monitoring algorithms. Based on a new six-valued semantics, we propose procedures for computing four-valued monitorability of $ω$-regular languages, both at the language-level and at the state-level. We have developed a new tool that implements the proposed procedure for computing monitorability of LTL formulas.