论文标题

银河系卫星的双白矮人的种群及其与丽莎的可检测性

Populations of double white dwarfs in Milky Way satellites and their detectability with LISA

论文作者

Korol, V., Toonen, S., Klein, A., Belokurov, V., Vincenzo, F., Buscicchio, R., Gerosa, D., Moore, C. J., Roebber, E., Rossi, E. M., Vecchio, A.

论文摘要

银河系矮卫星是编码早期结构形成的独特对象,因此代表进入高红移宇宙的窗口。到目前为止,他们的研究仅使用电磁波进行。未来的激光干涉仪空间天线(LISA)有潜力揭示由双白矮人(DWD)二进制的重力波中的银河系卫星。我们研究了Lisa可检测到的重力波(GW)信号,以作为银河系卫星的鉴定和表征的可能工具。我们使用二元种群合成技术来对矮卫星中的DWD群体进行建模,并在改变总体恒星质量,距离,星形形成历史和卫星金属性时评估对丽莎检测数量的影响。我们在其观察到的特性上校准了已知银河系卫星的预测。我们发现,以$ \ gtrsim 3 \的频率发射的DWD可以在大型中心距离以银河系卫星以银河系卫星的形式检测到$ MHz。这些高频DWD的每颗卫星数量主要取决于其质量,距离,年龄和星形形成历史,并且仅温和地取决于其进化(例如金属性)的其他假设。我们发现,具有$ M_ \ Star> 10^6 \,$ M $ _ {\ odot} $的矮星系可以托管可检测到的LISA源,并具有许多检测到与卫星质量线性缩放的检测。我们预测,可以用Lisa检测到已知的卫星,射手座,Fornax,雕塑家和麦哲伦云。作为一项不受污染和尘埃灭绝的全天候调查,丽莎将对银河系和矮卫星星系提供对银河考古学和近场宇宙学有价值的观察。

Milky Way dwarf satellites are unique objects that encode the early structure formation and therefore represent a window into the high redshift Universe. So far, their study was conducted using electromagnetic waves only. The future Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) has the potential to reveal Milky Way satellites in gravitational waves emitted by double white dwarf (DWD) binaries. We investigate gravitational wave (GW) signals detectable by LISA as a possible tool for the identification and characterisation of the Milky Way satellites. We use the binary population synthesis technique to model the population of DWDs in dwarf satellites and we assess the impact on the number of LISA detections when making changes to the total stellar mass, distance, star formation history and metallicity of satellites. We calibrate predictions for the known Milky Way satellites on their observed properties. We find that DWDs emitting at frequencies $\gtrsim 3\,$mHz can be detected in Milky Way satellites at large galactocentric distances. The number of these high frequency DWDs per satellite primarily depends on its mass, distance, age and star formation history, and only mildly depends on the other assumptions regarding their evolution such as metallicity. We find that dwarf galaxies with $M_\star>10^6\,$M$_{\odot}$ can host detectable LISA sources with a number of detections that scales linearly with the satellite's mass. We forecast that out of the known satellites, Sagittarius, Fornax, Sculptor and the Magellanic Clouds can be detected with LISA. As an all-sky survey that does not suffer from contamination and dust extinction, LISA will provide observations of the Milky Way and dwarf satellites galaxies valuable for Galactic archaeology and near-field cosmology.

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