论文标题

通过网络结构修改在网络公共产品游戏中诱导平衡

Inducing Equilibria in Networked Public Goods Games through Network Structure Modification

论文作者

Kempe, David, Yu, Sixie, Vorobeychik, Yevgeniy

论文摘要

联网的公共物品游戏模拟了自身利益代理商决定是否或投资多少不仅受益于自己,而且是其网络邻居的行动的情况。例子包括疫苗接种,安全投资和犯罪报告。尽管每个代理商的公用事业都在增加邻居的共同投资,但根据情况,特定形式可能会差异很大。诸如决策者之类的校长可能希望诱发代理商的大量投资。除了直接的激励措施外,这里的重要杠杆本身就是网络结构本身:通过添加和删除边缘,例如,通过社区会议,主体可以改变效用函数的性质,从而导致不同的,也许在社会上可取的平衡成果。我们启动对目标网络修改的算法研究,目的是引起特定形式的平衡。我们研究了这个问题,以各种平衡形式(诱使所有代理商投资,至少给定的$ s $,正是给定的$ s $,至少$ k $的代理商),以及各种实用程序功能。尽管我们证明了许多这些方案的问题是NP的完整问题,但我们展示了广泛的方案,在这些方案中,可以在多项式时间内通过非平凡的降低到(最低)匹配问题来解决该问题。

Networked public goods games model scenarios in which self-interested agents decide whether or how much to invest in an action that benefits not only themselves, but also their network neighbors. Examples include vaccination, security investment, and crime reporting. While every agent's utility is increasing in their neighbors' joint investment, the specific form can vary widely depending on the scenario. A principal, such as a policymaker, may wish to induce large investment from the agents. Besides direct incentives, an important lever here is the network structure itself: by adding and removing edges, for example, through community meetings, the principal can change the nature of the utility functions, resulting in different, and perhaps socially preferable, equilibrium outcomes. We initiate an algorithmic study of targeted network modifications with the goal of inducing equilibria of a particular form. We study this question for a variety of equilibrium forms (induce all agents to invest, at least a given set $S$, exactly a given set $S$, at least $k$ agents), and for a variety of utility functions. While we show that the problem is NP-complete for a number of these scenarios, we exhibit a broad array of scenarios in which the problem can be solved in polynomial time by non-trivial reductions to (minimum-cost) matching problems.

扫码加入交流群

加入微信交流群

微信交流群二维码

扫码加入学术交流群,获取更多资源