论文标题
扩展体效果和无火箭轨道操纵
Extended-body effects and rocket-free orbital maneuvering
论文作者
论文摘要
球形对象的轨迹自由地落入引力场的初始位置和速度固定。但是，一个可以控制其形状的对象也可以控制其运动：除非对称性及其相关的保护定律禁止，否则变化（但无火箭）的航天器可以完全控制其轨迹。我们讨论一种一般形式主义，该形式允许无火箭的操纵在不构建详细的内部模型的情况下被理解。航天器的内部被抽象成四极力矩的规范，在某些情况下，它只是该时刻的一个特征值。对于围绕球形对称质量的轨道，我们表明适当地改变相关的特征值可以增加或减少轨道的能量和偏心率，并任意旋转其APSIDE。确定了优化这些操作的策略。在其他情况下，我们表明可以使用扩展的体效应来稳定轨道，否则这些轨道将是不稳定的。
The trajectory of a spherical object which falls freely in a gravitational field is fixed by its initial position and velocity. However, an object which can control its shape can also control its motion: Except where forbidden by symmetries and their associated conservation laws, a shape-changing (but rocket-free) spacecraft can have complete control over its trajectory. We discuss a general formalism which allows rocket-free maneuvers to be understood without constructing detailed interior models. A spacecraft's interior is abstracted to the specification of a quadrupole moment, and in some cases, it is only a single eigenvalue of that moment which is relevant. For orbits around a spherically-symmetric mass, we show that appropriately varying the relevant eigenvalue allows the energy and eccentricity of an orbit to be increased or decreased and its apsides to be rotated arbitrarily. Strategies are identified which optimize these maneuvers. In other contexts, we show that extended-body effects can be used to stabilize orbits which would otherwise be unstable.
