论文标题
拓扑电池的放电动力学
Discharging dynamics of topological batteries
论文作者
论文摘要
长期以来，已知拓扑限制提供了有效的机制，可以在长度范围内（从DNA中的结到湍流等离子体）进行定位和存储能量。尽管在制备拓扑状态的理论和实验进步最近，拓扑在放电动力学中的作用尚未得到充分了解。在这里，我们通过模拟了238个打结的弹性纤维和一系列不同拓扑结构的3D弹性纤维和3D液晶的模拟，研究了两个原型软系统中的强大拓扑能量释放方案。通过打破弹性纤维或切换液晶表面锚固，这种拓扑电池可以进行机械工作或驱动流体流动。我们的研究揭示了能量释放变为超级或超快的拓扑共振状态。由于它们的固有稳定性，我们期望这种可调的拓扑电池在软物质中的存储和定向释放都有广泛的应用。
Topological constraints have long been known to provide efficient mechanisms for localizing and storing energy across a range of length scales, from knots in DNA to turbulent plasmas. Despite recent theoretical and experimental progress on the preparation of topological states, the role of topology in the discharging dynamics is not well understood. Here, we investigate robust topological energy release protocols in two archetypal soft systems through simulations of 238 knotted elastic fibers and 3D liquid crystals across a range of different topologies. By breaking the elastic fiber or switching the liquid crystal surface anchoring, such topological batteries can perform mechanical work or drive fluid flows. Our study reveals topologically resonant states for which energy release becomes superslow or superfast. Owing to their intrinsic stability we expect such tunable topological batteries to have broad applications to storage and directed release of energy in soft matter.
