论文标题
使用自由方法（新型冠状病毒突变体的进化分叉）对2019-NCOV的系统发育研究
Phylogenetic Study of 2019-nCoV by Using Alignment Free Method (Evolutionary Bifurcation of Novel Coronavirus Mutants)
论文作者
论文摘要
SARS-COV-2（NCOV-19）病毒的系统发育树是根据基因组序列的相似性重建的。 Betacoronavirus的树拓扑与生物学家的系统学非常一致。由于树木的构造包含有关病毒突变体的足够信息，因此适合研究人类之间传播的新型冠状病毒突变体之间的进化关系。研究了14种主要突变体的出现，这些菌株可以归类为系统发育树的八个分叉。发现存在三种类型的病毒突变，即同一分支的子分支之间的突变，离根突变和树的大型分支之间的突变。从病毒突变与宿主选择之间的关系中，我们发现低免疫力的个体为病毒进化的阳性自然选择提供了特殊的环境。它提供了一种机制来解释为什么在NCOV-19-19的系统发育树中通常发生两个遥远分支之间的大突变。该发现有助于制定控制Covid-19的传播的策略。
The phylogenetic tree of SARS-CoV-2 (nCov-19) viruses is reconstructed according to the similarity of genome sequences. The tree topology of Betacoronavirus is remarkably consistent with biologist's systematics. Because the tree construction contains enough information about virus mutants, it is suitable to study the evolutionary relationship between novel coronavirus mutants transmitted among humans. The emergences of 14 kinds of main mutants are studied and these strains can be classified as eight bifurcations of the phylogenetic tree. It is found that there exist three types of virus mutations, namely, the mutation among sub-branches of the same branch, the off-root mutation and the root-oriented mutation between large branches of the tree. From the point of the relation between viral mutation and host selection we found that individuals with low immunity provide a special environment for the positive natural selection of virus evolution. It gives a mechanism to explain why large mutations between two distant branches generally occur in the nCov-19 phylogenetic tree. The finding is helpful to formulate strategies to control the spread of COVID-19.
