论文标题
系绳捕获海王星
Tether Capture of spacecraft at Neptune
论文作者
论文摘要
与冰巨头的Flyby任务相比,过去的行星任务已经广泛且详细。目前,由于Tethers为轨道插入提供自由推进和力量的能力以及其他探索性操纵的能力,因此正在考虑使用电动动力tethers的任务,并且提供了更多的探索性操作 - 与标准轨道运动员相比,提供了更多的任务能力。系绳操作取决于等离子体密度和磁场$ \ mathbf {b} $,尽管Tethers可以处理不确定的密度曲线,并具有阳极段自调整以适应密度。行星磁场是由于行星内部一定体积的电流引起的,磁性矢量以及通常描述了外部磁场的偶极子定律近似。与土星和木星相比,Neptunian磁性结构明显更为复杂:偶极子位于赤道平面下方,高度偏移了行星中心,并且在其旋转轴的大倾斜度下。 Lorentz-Drag的工作随着距离而迅速减少,因此需要捕获的航天器围绕捕获物,并允许大偏移量使捕获效率(船上与螺旋质量比)高于NO偏移的情况。 S/C越过偶极子的子午线时,S/C可能会最佳地到达根本,而S/C面向它。在捕获过程中,海王星旋转很少旋转,这种方便的同步性得到了缓解。计算的最大效率约为12,而$ 10^{\ circ} $子午线错误将降低效率约6%。效率结果表明,应进行新的计算,以完全包括Neptunian旋转,并考虑详细的偶极子和四极杆校正。
Past planetary missions have been broad and detailed for Gas Giants, compared to flyby missions for Ice Giants. Presently, a mission to Neptune using electrodynamic tethers is under consideration due to the ability of tethers to provide free propulsion and power for orbital insertion as well as additional exploratory maneuvering --- providing more mission capability than a standard orbiter mission. Tether operation depends on plasma density and magnetic field $\mathbf{B}$, though tethers can deal with ill-defined density profiles, with the anodic segment self-adjusting to accommodate densities. Planetary magnetic fields are due to currents in some small volume inside the planet, magnetic-moment vector, and typically a dipole law approximation --- which describes the field outside. When compared with Saturn and Jupiter, the Neptunian magnetic structure is significantly more complex: the dipole is located below the equatorial plane, is highly offset from the planet center, and at large tilt with its rotation axis. Lorentz-drag work decreases quickly with distance, thus requiring spacecraft periapsis at capture close to the planet and allowing the large offset to make capture efficiency (spacecraft-to-tether mass ratio) well above a no-offset case. The S/C might optimally reach periapsis when crossing the meridian plane of the dipole, with the S/C facing it; this convenient synchronism is eased by Neptune rotating little during capture. Calculations yield maximum efficiency of approximately 12, whereas a $10^{\circ}$ meridian error would reduce efficiency by about 6%. Efficiency results suggest new calculations should be made to fully include Neptunian rotation and consider detailed dipole and quadrupole corrections.