论文标题
中子星在修饰的重力理论中冷却
Neutron star cooling in modified gravity theories
论文作者
论文摘要
我们首次研究了分离的中子星在标量理论中的热演化。在温度观察到孤立的中子星的温度观察的角度，由于直接的URCA过程而引起的快速冷却是一个有趣的问题。此外，尽管在现代冷却理论中很重要，但对核子超流量的冷却效应的研究也具有很大的不确定性。冷却效果通常受质子分数和中心密度的影响。如果由于重力的改变而介导了第五力，则中子恒星的中央密度与质量之间的关系与一般相对性中的一方不同，并且冷却曲线也被天然预计会变化。我们发现，在中子恒星表面附近的一个未筛选的第五力会改变质量中心密度的关系，即使对于质量较小的中子恒星，也可以触发直接的URCA过程。我们还提出了在标量调整理论下的冷却曲线，包括核子超流体。这些结果表明，通过中子星的冷却观测测试引力理论可能很有用。
We study thermal evolution of isolated neutron stars in scalar-tensor theories for the first time. Whether the rapid cooling due to the direct Urca process occurs or not is an interesting question in the viewpoint of the temperature observation of isolated neutron stars. Moreover, investigation of the cooling effect of nucleon superfluidity also has the large uncertainties though it is important in modern cooling theory. The cooling effect is typically influenced by the proton fraction and the central density. If a fifth force is mediated due to modification of gravity, the relation between the central density and mass of neutron stars differs from one in general relativity, and the cooling curve is also naively expected to be varied. We find that an unscreened fifth force near the surface of neutron stars changes mass-central density relation, and the direct Urca process can be triggered even for neutron stars with smaller mass. We also present cooling curves including nucleon superfluidity under the scalar-tensor theory. These results show that it might be useful to test gravitational theories with cooling observations of neutron stars.
