论文标题
核周期桌
A Nuclear Periodic Table
论文作者
论文摘要
有许多经验变化表明，单粒子图片在原子核中具有良好的近似值。在这张照片中，质子和中子在核子之间的相互作用产生的平均场势内独立移动。这导致了核壳的概念，类似于原子中的电子壳。特别是，众所周知，由于核能壳的封闭而引起的魔术数量在核物理学中起着重要作用。在这里，我们提出了一个原子核周期表，其中元素根据已知的核壳进行排列。核周期表清楚地表明，魔术数附近的核可以通过壳闭合而用一个或两个额外的核子或核子孔来理解，而远离魔术数的核是由核变形的特征。
There have been many empirical evindences which show that the single-particle picture holds to a good approximation in atomic nuclei. In this picture, protons and neutrons move independently inside a mean-field potential generated by an interaction among the nucleons. This leads to the concept of nuclear shells, similar to the electronic shells in atoms. In particular, the magic numbers due to closures of the nucleonic shells, corresponding to noble gases in elements, have been known to play an important role in nuclear physics. Here we propose a periodic table for atomic nuclei, in which the elements are arranged according to the known nucleonic shells. The nuclear periodic table clearly indicates that nuclei in the vicinity of the magic numbers can be understood in terms of a shell closure with one or two additional nucleons or nucleon holes, while nuclei far from the magic numbers are characterized by nuclear deformation.
