论文标题

使用冷冻EM约束的蛋白质蛋白质建模

Protein-protein modelling using cryo-EM restraints

论文作者

Trellet, Mikael, van Zundert, Gydo, Bonvin, Alexandre M. J. J.

论文摘要

过去几年中,冷冻电子显微镜(Cryo-EM)的最新改善现在允许在原子分辨率下观察分子复合物。结果,蛋白质数据库中现在可以使用源自冷冻EM的许多结构。但是,如果达到某些复合物原子分辨率,那么所有人都不是如此。在冷冻电子层析成像中也是如此,可以实现的分辨率仍然有限。此外,冷冻EM图中的分辨率不是一个常数,外部区域通常具有较低的分辨率,可能与构象变异性有关。尽管那些低至中分辨率的EM图(或其区域)无法直接提供大分子络合物的原子结构,但它们提供了有价值的信息来对单个组件及其组装进行建模。这种建模的大多数方法是在EM密度图中执行各个组件的刚性拟合。尽管这似乎是一个明显的选择,但它们忽略了分子识别,界面的能量和灵活性的关键方面。此外,这些通常将建模限制在独特的数据源,即EM密度图。在本章中,我们描述了一个协议,其中EM图被用作HADDOCK中的约束来指导建模过程。

The recent improvements in cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) in the past few years are now allowing to observe molecular complexes at atomic resolution. As a consequence, numerous structures derived from cryo-EM are now available in the Protein Data Bank. However, if for some complexes atomic resolution is reached, this is not true for all. This is also the case in cryo-electron tomography where the achievable resolution is still limited. Furthermore the resolution in a cryo-EM map is not a constant, with often outer regions being of lower resolution, possibly linked to conformational variability. Although those low to medium resolution EM maps (or regions thereof) cannot directly provide atomic structure of large molecular complexes, they provide valuable information to model the individual components and their assembly into them. Most approaches for this kind of modelling are performing rigid fitting of the individual components into the EM density map. While this would appear an obvious option, they ignore key aspects of molecular recognition, the energetics and flexibility of the interfaces. Moreover, these often restricts the modelling to a unique source of data, the EM density map. In this chapter, we describe a protocol where an EM map is used as restraint in HADDOCK to guide the modelling process.

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