论文标题
为国际灾难响应设计信息和通信技术的经验见解
Empirical Insights for Designing Information and Communication Technology for International Disaster Response
论文作者
论文摘要
由于过去几年的自然灾害增加，灾难反应组织（DROS）面临应对更多和大型操作的挑战。目前，用于协调和通信的信息和通信技术（ICT）有时已经过时并且不扩展，而新颖的技术有可能大大提高灾害响应效率。为了允许采用这些新技术，ICT系统设计师必须考虑DRO的特殊需求和国际灾难响应（IDR）的特征。这项工作试图使人道主义和ICT社区更加紧密。在这项工作中，我们分析了与IDR相关的文件，并进行专家访谈。使用开放的编码，我们提取经验见解，并将DRO协调和操作的特点转化为有形的ICT设计要求。此信息基于与活跃的IDR员工以及DRO指南和报告的访谈。最终，本文的目的是作为未来ICT研究努力的参考，以支持和提高IDR操作的效率。
Due to the increase in natural disasters in the past years, Disaster Response Organizations (DROs) are faced with the challenge of coping with more and larger operations. Currently appointed Information and Communications Technology (ICT) used for coordination and communication is sometimes outdated and does not scale, while novel technologies have the potential to greatly improve disaster response efficiency. To allow adoption of these novel technologies, ICT system designers have to take into account the particular needs of DROs and characteristics of International Disaster Response (IDR). This work attempts to bring the humanitarian and ICT communities closer together. In this work, we analyze IDR-related documents and conduct expert interviews. Using open coding, we extract empirical insights and translate the peculiarities of DRO coordination and operation into tangible ICT design requirements. This information is based on interviews with active IDR staff as well as DRO guidelines and reports. Ultimately, the goal of this paper is to serve as a reference for future ICT research endeavors to support and increase the efficiency of IDR operations.
