论文标题
需求控制对电力系统复杂动态停电的影响
Effects of demand control on the complex dynamics of electric power system blackouts
论文作者
论文摘要
电网中故障和停电的传播是一个复杂的问题。典型的模型，例如ORNL-PSERC-ALASKA（OPA），基于快速和缓慢的动力学的组合。第一个描述了级联故障，而第二个则通过线和发电的升级以及需求增长的网格演变，这些都发生在时间尺度到几天。可再生能源的不断增长的整合，其功率在时间尺度上从几秒钟到几个小时波动，以及需求的增加（也带来快速波动）需要在需求侧中纳入分布式控制方法，以避免在常规电源工厂中的高度成本。在这项工作中，我们将OPA模型扩展到在时间尺度上的需求中包括数分钟，日内需求变化以及需求控制的效果的波动。我们发现，需求控制有效地减少了停电的数量，而无需增加大规模事件的可能性。
The propagation of failures and blackouts in electric networks is a complex problem. Typical models, such as the ORNL-PSerc-Alaska (OPA), are based on a combination of fast and a slow dynamics. The first describes the cascading failures while the second the grid evolution though line and generation upgrades as well as demand growth, all taking place in time scales from days to years. The growing integration of renewable energy sources, whose power fluctuates in time scales from seconds to hours, together with the increase in demand, which also present fast fluctuations, require the incorporation of distributed methods of control in the demand side to avoid the high cost of ordinary control in conventional power plants. In this work, we extend the OPA model to include fluctuations in the demand at time scales of the order of minutes, intraday demand variations and the effect of demand control. We find that demand control effectively reduces the number of blackouts without increasing the probability of large-scale events.
