论文标题
在多体量子系统中的自我平衡，以平衡：分布的时间依赖性
Self-averaging in many-body quantum systems out of equilibrium: Time dependence of distributions
论文作者
论文摘要
在无序系统中，当其差异实现的差异与其平均平方之间的比率随着系统大小的增加而减小时，数量是自动的。在这里，我们考虑了一种混乱的多体量子系统，并在自动化行为与分布的特性之间寻找与各种数量和不同时间尺度的无序实现之间的关系。长期以来的生存概率发现了指数分布，它解释了其缺乏自我平衡，因为平均值和分散相等。但是，对于自我平均和非自由平均数量，获得了高斯分布。我们的研究还表明，一个人可以根据另一个相关数量的分布得出关于一个数量的自动平均行为的结论。该策略允许半分析结果，因此规避数值缩放分析的局限性，这些局限性仅限于几乎没有系统尺寸。
In a disordered system, a quantity is self-averaging when the ratio between its variance for disorder realizations and the square of its mean decreases as the system size increases. Here, we consider a chaotic disordered many-body quantum system and search for a relationship between self-averaging behavior and the properties of the distributions over disorder realizations of various quantities and at different timescales. An exponential distribution, as found for the survival probability at long times, explains its lack of self-averaging, since the mean and the dispersion are equal. Gaussian distributions, however, are obtained for both self-averaging and non-self-averaging quantities. Our studies show also that one can make conclusions about the self-averaging behavior of one quantity based on the distribution of another related quantity. This strategy allows for semianalytical results, and thus circumvents the limitations of numerical scaling analysis, which are restricted to few system sizes.
