论文标题

在数据集中使用ECG重建钾浓度

Reconstruction of Potassium Concentrations with the ECG on Imbalanced Datasets

论文作者

Pilia, Nicolas, Corsi, Cristiana, Severi, Stefano, Dössel, Olaf, Loewe, Axel

论文摘要

与非CKD患者相比,终阶段慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)患者因致命心脏事件(LCE)的风险面临30%的增长。同时,这些接受透析的患者经历了钾浓度的转移。 LCE与浓度变化配对的风险增加表明LCE与浓度破坏之间存在联系。为了证明此链接,是一个连续监视离子浓度的连续监视设备,例如需要心电图。在这项工作中,我们要回答是否有优化的信号处理链可以改善结果,量化了破坏训练数据集对最终估计结果的影响。该研究是在32例透析过程中记录的12个铅ECG组成的数据集上进行的。我们选择了三个功能,以找到从ECG特征到[K+] O的映射:T波升斜率,T波降斜率和T波振幅。第三阶的多项式模型用于重建这些特征的浓度。我们解决了一个正则加权最小二乘问题问题,加权矩阵取决于数据集中每个浓度的频率(频繁浓度加权较小)。通过这样做,我们试图生成适合整个浓度范围的模型。随着加权,整个数据集的错误正在增加。对于使用[K+] O <5 mmol/L的数据分区,错误正在增加,对于[K+] o $ \ geq $ 5 mmol/l,错误正在减少。但是,除了确切的重建结果外,我们可以得出结论,一个模型对所有患者有效,不仅需要大多数患者,还需要使用更均匀的数据集学习。这可以通过删除数据点或加权模型拟合期间的错误来实现。随着加权的增加,我们提高了[K+] O的性能,而在我们的情况下,这是不太频繁的。

End-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are facing a 30% rise for the risk of lethal cardiac events (LCE) compared to non-CKD patients. At the same time, these patients undergoing dialysis experience shifts in the potassium concentrations. The increased risk of LCE paired with the concentration changes suggest a connection between LCE and concentration disbalances. To prove this link, a continuous monitoring device for the ionic concentrations, e.g. the ECG, is needed. In this work, we want to answer if an optimised signal processing chain can improve the result quantify the influence of a disbalanced training dataset on the final estimation result. The study was performed on a dataset consisting of 12-lead ECGs recorded during dialysis sessions of 32 patients. We selected three features to find a mapping from ECG features to [K+]o: T-wave ascending slope, T-wave descending slope and T-wave amplitude. A polynomial model of 3rd order was used to reconstruct the concentrations from these features. We solved a regularised weighted least squares problem with a weighting matrix dependent on the frequency of each concentration in the dataset (frequent concentration weighted less). By doing so, we tried to generate a model being suitable for the whole range of the concentrations.With weighting, errors are increasing for the whole dataset. For the data partition with [K+]o<5 mmol/l, errors are increasing, for [K+]o$\geq$5 mmol/l, errors are decreasing. However, and apart from the exact reconstruction results, we can conclude that a model being valid for all patients and not only the majority, needs to be learned with a more homogeneous dataset. This can be achieved by leaving out data points or by weighting the errors during the model fitting. With increasing weighting, we increase the performance on the part of the [K+]o that are less frequent which was desired in our case.

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