论文标题
渔民形式主义的各向异性重力波背景搜索与脉冲星时阵列
Fisher formalism for anisotropic gravitational-wave background searches with pulsar timing arrays
论文作者
论文摘要
脉冲星时阵列（PTA）目前是对具有十年长期的重力波直接敏感的唯一实验。在接下来的五到十年内，PTA有望通过灵感超级质量的黑洞二进制文件来统治随机重力波背景（SGWB）。可以预期，这种背景主要是各向同性的，并且当前的搜索集中在SGWB的单极部分。展望未来，SGWB中的各向异性可能会提供有关已知和未知天体物理和宇宙学来源的其他信息。在本文中，我们为使用PTA的各向异性SGWB搜索建立了一个简单而逼真的Fisher形式主义。我们的形式主义能够适应PTA的现实特性，并允许简单准确的预测。我们使用理想化的PTA说明了我们的方法，该PTA由相同的各向同性分布的脉冲星组成。在同伴论文中，我们将形式主义应用于当前的PTA，并表明它可以是指导和优化真实数据分析的强大工具。
Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are currently the only experiments directly sensitive to gravitational waves with decade-long periods. Within the next five to ten years, PTAs are expected to detect the stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) collectively sourced by inspiralling supermassive black hole binaries. It is expected that this background is mostly isotropic, and current searches focus on the monopole part of the SGWB. Looking ahead, anisotropies in the SGWB may provide a trove of additional information both on known and unknown astrophysical and cosmological sources. In this paper, we build a simple yet realistic Fisher formalism for anisotropic SGWB searches with PTAs. Our formalism is able to accommodate realistic properties of PTAs, and allows simple and accurate forecasts. We illustrate our approach with an idealized PTA consisting of identical, isotropically distributed pulsars. In a companion paper, we apply our formalism to current PTAs and show that it can be a powerful tool to guide and optimize real data analysis.
