论文标题

开放星形簇的潮汐尾巴作为早期燃气驱动II的探针II:Gaia的预测

Tidal tails of open star clusters as probes to early gas expulsion II: Predictions for Gaia

论文作者

Dinnbier, František, Kroupa, Pavel

论文摘要

我们研究了由于在银河系的现实引力场中驱逐原始气体,因此研究了从年轻的pleiades样星簇释放的潮汐尾巴的形成和演变。潮汐尾巴(以及簇)从其嵌入阶段集成了300 MYR。我们将恒星形成效率(SFE)从33%增加到100%,并将气体驱动的时间尺度作为游离参数,并为每个模型的演变尾巴的形态和运动学提供了预测。所得的尾部特性旨在与预期的GAIA观测值进行比较,以限制气相和气体排出期间所了解的早期条件不足。使用代码NBODY6进行模拟,包括银河系的逼真的外部重力电位,以及用于出生气体电位的分析近似。假设由快速燃气驱动和$ \ $ \ 30 $%的SFE形成的pleiades,当前的pleiades被丰富的尾巴包围,从$ \ \ $ \ $ \ $ \ \ $ \ \ $ \ 350 $延伸到大约350 $ PC,并包含在当今群集中恒星的0.7倍至2.7倍。如果Pleiades形成的SFE接近100%,则尾巴较短($ \ Lessim 90 $ PC),并且较差,仅包含$ \ \ \ 2 $ \ 2 $%的当今群集星数的2 $%。如果Pleiades以$ \ $ \ 30 $%的SFE形成,但驱动气体是绝热的,则尾部签名与100%SFE的模型情况没有区别。该模型考虑了由于田间恒星和Hyades-Pheiades流而引起的估计污染,这比Gaia测量的准确性更具限制因素。

We study the formation and evolution of the tidal tail released from a young Pleiades-like star cluster, due to expulsion of primordial gas in a realistic gravitational field of the Galaxy. The tidal tails (as well as clusters) are integrated from their embedded phase for 300 Myr. We vary star formation efficiencies (SFEs) from 33% to 100% and the timescales of gas expulsion as free parameters, and provide predictions for the morphology and kinematics of the evolved tail for each of the models. The resulting tail properties are intended for comparison with anticipated Gaia observations in order to constrain the poorly understood early conditions during the gas phase and gas expulsion. The simulations are performed with the code Nbody6 including a realistic external gravitational potential of the Galaxy, and an analytical approximation for the natal gaseous potential. Assuming that the Pleiades formed with rapid gas expulsion and an SFE of $\approx 30$%, the current Pleiades are surrounded by a rich tail extending from $\approx 150$ to $\approx 350$ pc from the cluster and containing 0.7 to 2.7 times the number of stars in the present-day cluster. If the Pleiades formed with an SFE close to 100%, then the tail is shorter ($\lesssim 90$ pc) and substantially poorer, containing only $\approx 2$% of the number of present-day cluster stars. If the Pleiades formed with an SFE of $\approx 30$%, but the gas expulsion was adiabatic, the tail signatures are indistinguishable from the case of the model with 100% SFE. The model takes into account the estimated contamination due to the field stars and the Hyades-Pleiades stream, which constitutes a more limiting factor than the accuracy of the Gaia measurements.

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