论文标题
逻辑，语言和演算
Logic, Language, and Calculus
论文作者
论文摘要
对象语言和金属语言之间的差异对于逻辑分析至关重要，但尚未对计算机科学领域进行检查。在本文中，对推论关系进行了研究。有人认为，金属语言中的推论关系（例如命题逻辑的微积分）不能代表自然语言的概念关系。推论关系控制我们的概念使用和理解。自然语言理解（NLU）和自然语言推论（NLI）的几种方法考虑了这一见解，但不要考虑如何将推论评为良好的推论。我提出了一个逻辑分析，可以评估推论的规范维度，这是逻辑理解的关键部分，并且超出了对金属语言的正式理解。
The difference between object-language and metalanguage is crucial for logical analysis, but has yet not been examined for the field of computer science. In this paper the difference is examined with regard to inferential relations. It is argued that inferential relations in a metalanguage (like a calculus for propositional logic) cannot represent conceptual relations of natural language. Inferential relations govern our concept use and understanding. Several approaches in the field of Natural Language Understanding (NLU) and Natural Language Inference (NLI) take this insight in account, but do not consider, how an inference can be assessed as a good inference. I present a logical analysis that can assesss the normative dimension of inferences, which is a crucial part of logical understanding and goes beyond formal understanding of metalanguages.
