论文标题
物理理论中的观察者，观察和参考
Observers, observations and referencing in physics theories
论文作者
论文摘要
是否可以根据一组有限的第一原则和推论规则将宇宙的全部范围纳入理论中？ 根据戈德尔的不完整定理，在这里考虑了观察者和物理理论的观察。物理理论是我们 - 人类，科学家，物理学家 - 在解释我们对宇宙的观察时可以做出的总和。我们是宇宙不可或缺的一部分，以及我们的观察结果，因此观察行为也是可观察的，应该成为理论所考虑的现象的一部分，尤其是考虑到任意选择的观察模式基本上可以确定经验结果。 戈德尔定理中出现了不完整的命题。观察和解释是参考的行为，每当观察者被认为是观察到的系统的一部分时，就会发生自我引用。如果自我参考在与戈德尔定理相似的物理学中出现，那么在物理学中，不完整似乎是不可避免的。 本文讨论了观察者和观察作为物理学中的参考，最终了解它们在层次上相关，以使通用物理学理论无法完成。
Is it possible to encompass the full extent of the universe within a theory based on a finite set of first principles and inference rules? The rôle of observers and observations in physics theories is considered here in the light of Gödel's incompleteness theorem. Physics theories are the sum-total that we -- humans, scientists, physicists -- can make in interpreting our observations of the universe. We are integral part of the universe, together with our observations, therefore acts of observation are also observables and should become part of the phenomena considered by the theory, especially in view of the fact that arbitrarily chosen modes of observations may essentially determine empirical results. Incompleteness arises in Gödel's theorem with self-referential propositions. Observations and interpretations are acts of referencing, and self-referencing occurs in physics whenever the observer is recognized as being part of the observed system. If self-reference appears in physics in simile to Gödel's theorem, then incompleteness seems unavoidable in physics. The article discusses observers and observations as referencing in physics, culminating with the understanding that they are hierarchically inter-related so that a universal physics theory cannot be complete.
