论文标题
金属密封中的流体泄漏
Fluid leakage in metallic seals
论文作者
论文摘要
金属密封件是许多重要应用中的关键机器元素，例如在超高真空系统中。由于金属的高弹性模量以及在所有固体表面上存在的表面粗糙度，如果不会发生塑性变形，则在大多数情况下，在接触金属物体之间的较大流体流动通道和大液体泄漏之间的较大流体流动通道。但是，在大多数应用中，塑性变形至少在阿斯伯利水平上发生，这使得表面可以相互接近，以至于通常可以忽略流体泄漏。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种实验设置，用于研究金属密封中的流体泄漏。我们研究具有圆锥形表面的钢球和钢体（座椅）之间的漏水。发现实验结果与（无拟合参数）理论模型具有良好的定量一致性。该理论预测，塑性变形将泄漏率降低了一个因子$ \ 8 $
Metallic seals are crucial machine elements in many important applications, e.g., in ultrahigh vacuum systems. Due to the high elastic modulus of metals, and the surface roughness which exists on all solid surfaces, if no plastic deformation would occur one expects in most cases large fluid flow channels between the contacting metallic bodies, and large fluid leakage. However, in most applications plastic deformation occurs, at least at the asperity level, which allows the surfaces to approach each other to such an extent that fluid leakage often can be neglected. In this study, we present an experimental set-up for studying the fluid leakage in metallic seals. We study the water leakage between a steel sphere and a steel body (seat) with a conical surface. The experimental results are found to be in good quantitative agreement with a (fitting-parameter-free) theoretical model. The theory predicts that the plastic deformations reduce the leak-rate by a factor $\approx 8$
