论文标题
非平衡玻色系统的特征量
Characteristic quantities for nonequilibrium Bose systems
论文作者
论文摘要
本文讨论了哪些特征数量可以量化玻色系统的非平衡状态。在此类数量中，考虑了以下数量：有效温度，菲涅尔数和马赫数。通过在摇动陷阱中研究bose-Einstein凝结物来说明非平衡状态的建议分类，可以在其中区分八种不同的非平衡状态：弱非平衡态，无序细菌，涡旋环，涡旋环，涡流，涡旋线，涡旋线，涡流，涡流湍流，涡流湍流和波浪。非平衡状态是通过实验创建的，并通过求解非线性schrödinger方程来建模。
The paper discusses what characteristic quantities could quantify nonequilibrium states of Bose systems. Among such quantities, the following are considered: effective temperature, Fresnel number, and Mach number. The suggested classification of nonequilibrium states is illustrated by studying a Bose-Einstein condensate in a shaken trap, where it is possible to distinguish eight different nonequilibrium states: weak nonequilibrium, vortex germs, vortex rings, vortex lines, deformed vortices, vortex turbulence, grain turbulence, and wave turbulence. Nonequilibrium states are created experimentally and modeled by solving the nonlinear Schrödinger equation.
