论文标题
带有无效干涉仪和单模光纤光谱仪的系外行星科学
Exoplanets Sciences with Nulling Interferometers and a Single-Mode Fiber-Fed Spectrograph
论文作者
论文摘要
了解系外行星的气氛是破译其形成历史和潜在宜居性的里程碑。系外行星的高对比度成像和光谱是实现目标的主要途径。直接成像系外行星需要高空间分辨率。事实证明，干涉法是改善空间分辨率的有效方法。然而，很少探索结合干涉法，高对比度成像和高分辨率光谱的手段。为了填补空白，我们介绍了8-10米望远镜的电流产生的双孔径纤维无效（FN），该望远镜为（1）（1）对已知外部球体的进行后续光谱提供了必要的空间和光谱分辨率； （2）检测碎屑系统中的行星。将FN喂入高分辨率光谱仪的概念也可以用于将来的空间和地面任务。我们提出了一项案例研究，该案例研究使用双孔径FN来寻找M星周围岩石行星中的生物签名，以进行未来的空间干涉指标。此外，我们讨论如何以巨大的麦哲伦望远镜（GMT）为例，如何在未来的大型望远镜上配备FN。
Understanding the atmospheres of exoplanets is a milestone to decipher their formation history and potential habitability. High-contrast imaging and spectroscopy of exoplanets is the major pathway towards the goal. Directly imaging of an exoplanet requires high spatial resolution. Interferometry has proven to be an effective way of improving spatial resolution. However, means of combining interferometry, high-contrast imaging, and high-resolution spectroscopy have been rarely explored. To fill in the gap, we present the dual-aperture fiber nuller (FN) for current-generation 8-10 meter telescopes, which provides the necessary spatial and spectral resolution to (1) conduct follow-up spectroscopy of known exoplanets; and (2) detect planets in debris-disk systems. The concept of feeding a FN to a high-resolution spectrograph can also be used for future space and ground-based missions. We present a case study of using the dual-aperture FN to search for biosignatures in rocky planets around M stars for a future space interferometry mission. Moreover, we discuss how a FN can be equipped on future extremely large telescopes by using the Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT) as an example.
