论文标题

在QCD临界点存在下Baryon编号的四分位数

Quartic cumulant of baryon number in the presence of QCD critical point

论文作者

Mroczek, D., Noronha-Hostler, J., Acuna, A. R. Nava, Ratti, C., Parotto, P., Stephanov, M. A.

论文摘要

在持续搜索相对论重离子对撞机的QCD临界点的背景下,我们研究了温度和巴属化学平面的临界点附近的状态方程。我们使用早期文献中引入的参数表示,该参数表示使用多个非宇宙参数将通用3D ISING状态方程式映射到QCD相图上。我们专注于重骨数字的四分之一累积,或Baryon数字易感性〜$χ_4^b $,可以通过Net-Proton波动峰度测量测量实验访问。最初是通过基于{\ em领导}单一贡献的普遍性论证来预测的,$χ_4^b $和净 - 蛋白峰kurtosis应显示由于关键点而显示的特定非单调行为。特别是,当遵循相图上的冻结曲线通过降低束能量时,当梁能量扫描通过接近临界点时,峰度有望降低,然后峰值。我们研究了iSing-to-qCD映射对〜$χ_4^b $的行为的非宇宙和未知参数的影响。我们发现,虽然峰值仍然是一个扎实的特征,但临界点的存在不一定会导致冻结线上的$χ_4^b $在freezeout线上{\ em以下}的过渡温度。仅当趋于单数的术语被充分抑制时,仅对于一组狭窄的映射参数而出现的临界点贡献才出现。

In the context of the ongoing search for the QCD critical point at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider, we study the equation of state near the critical point in the temperature and baryon chemical potential plane. We use the parametric representation introduced in earlier literature, which maps the universal 3D Ising equation of state onto the QCD phase diagram using several non-universal parameters. We focus on the quartic cumulant of the baryon number, or baryon number susceptibility~$χ_4^B$, which can be accessed experimentally via net-proton fluctuation kurtosis measurements. It was originally predicted, through universality arguments based on the {\em leading} singular contribution, that $χ_4^B$ and net-proton kurtosis should show a specific non-monotonic behavior due to the critical point. In particular, when following the freeze-out curve on the phase diagram by decreasing beam energy, the kurtosis is expected to dip, and then peak, when the beam energy scan passes close to the critical point. We study the effects of the non-universal and thus far unknown parameters of the Ising-to-QCD mapping on the behavior of~$χ_4^B$. We find that, while the peak remains a solid feature, the presence of the critical point does not necessarily cause a dip in $χ_4^B$ on the freezeout line {\em below} the transition temperature. The critical point contribution to the dip appears only for a narrow set of mapping parameters, when subleading singular terms are sufficiently suppressed.

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