论文标题

不均匀的随机k-out图中巨型组件的存在和大小

Existence and Size of the Giant Component in Inhomogeneous Random K-out Graphs

论文作者

Sood, Mansi, Yagan, Osman

论文摘要

随机K-Out图作为一个模型,以在分布式系统中构建稀疏但良好的拓扑结构,包括传感器网络,联合学习和加密货币网络。最近提出了最近提出了$ h(n;μ,k_n)$表示的新兴现实网络中日益增长的异质性,在资源和需求上有所不同。 Motivated by practical settings where establishing links is costly and only a bounded choice of $K_n$ is feasible ($K_n = O(1)$), we study the size of the largest connected sub-network of $H(n;μ,K_n)$, We first show that the trivial condition of $K_n \geq 2$ for all $n$ is sufficient to ensure that $H(n;μ,K_n)$,包含大小$ n-o(1)$ WHP的巨大组成部分。接下来,为了模拟节点可能会失败或损害的设置,我们研究了$ h(n;μ,k_n)$中最大连接的子网络的大小,当$ d_n $节点在随机中均匀地选择并从网络中删除时。我们表明,如果$ d_n = o(1)$,一个大小$ n- \ oo(1)$的巨大组件持续所有$ k_n \ geq 2 $ whp。此外,当$ d_n = o(n)$节点从$ h(n;μ,k_n)$删除时,其余的节点包含一个大小$ n(1-o(1))$ whp的巨大组件,用于所有$ k_n \ geq 2 $。我们提出数值结果,以证明当节点的数量有限时,最大连接组件的大小。

Random K-out graphs are receiving attention as a model to construct sparse yet well-connected topologies in distributed systems including sensor networks, federated learning, and cryptocurrency networks. In response to the growing heterogeneity in emerging real-world networks, where nodes differ in resources and requirements, inhomogeneous random K-out graphs, denoted by $H(n;μ,K_n)$, were proposed recently. Motivated by practical settings where establishing links is costly and only a bounded choice of $K_n$ is feasible ($K_n = O(1)$), we study the size of the largest connected sub-network of $H(n;μ,K_n)$, We first show that the trivial condition of $K_n \geq 2$ for all $n$ is sufficient to ensure that $H(n;μ,K_n)$, contains a giant component of size $n-O(1)$ whp. Next, to model settings where nodes can fail or get compromised, we investigate the size of the largest connected sub-network in $H(n;μ,K_n)$, when $d_n$ nodes are selected uniformly at random and removed from the network. We show that if $d_n=O(1)$, a giant component of size $n- \OO(1)$ persists for all $K_n \geq 2$ whp. Further, when $d_n=o(n)$ nodes are removed from $H(n;μ,K_n)$, the remaining nodes contain a giant component of size $n(1-o(1))$ whp for all $K_n \geq 2$. We present numerical results to demonstrate the size of the largest connected component when the number of nodes is finite.

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