论文标题
完美的X射线梁分离器及其在时间域干涉仪和量子光学方面的应用利用自由电子激光器
A perfect X-ray beam splitter and its applications to time-domain interferometry and quantum optics exploiting free-electron lasers
论文作者
论文摘要
X射线自由电子激光器（FEL）提供超右X射线脉冲，而不是时间域干涉测量和控制量子状态所需的相位脉冲脉冲序列。为了使常规的拆分和延迟方案产生这样的序列，挑战源于极端稳定性要求，当时最小的路径长度差异会引入相位抖动。我们描述了基于选择性电子束降解和加速器中的横向光束成型的FEL模式，并结合了自种的光子发射方案。我们没有将光子脉冲通过FEL分开，而是在光子生成之前将电子束分开，以获得具有亚前秒持续时间的相锁定的X射线脉冲。时间域的干涉法成为可能，从而实现了与X射线的经典和量子光学实验的伴随程序。该方案带来了尖端的FELS的新科学益处，并具有Attosond和/或高重复速率能力，从傅立叶变换红外光谱的X射线类似物到无损害的测量值。
X-ray free-electron lasers (FEL) deliver ultrabright X-ray pulses, but not the sequences of phase-coherent pulses required for time-domain interferometry and control of quantum states. For conventional split-and-delay schemes to produce such sequences the challenge stems from extreme stability requirements when splitting Angstrom wavelength beams where tiniest path length differences introduce phase jitter. We describe an FEL mode based on selective electron bunch degradation and transverse beam shaping in the accelerator, combined with a self-seeded photon emission scheme. Instead of splitting the photon pulses after their generation by the FEL, we split the electron bunch in the accelerator, prior to photon generation, to obtain phase-locked X-ray pulses with sub-femtosecond duration. Time-domain interferometry becomes possible, enabling the concomitant program of classical and quantum optics experiments with X-rays. The scheme leads to new scientific benefits of cutting-edge FELs with attosecond and/or high-repetition rate capabilities, ranging from the X-ray analog of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to damage-free measurements.
