论文标题
二维电子流的弹道流动力相变
Ballistic-hydrodynamic phase transition in flow of two-dimensional electrons
论文作者
论文摘要
相变的特征是微粒动力学的类型发生了急剧变化，其描述通常需要量子力学。最近，发现了一种特殊的导体，其中二维（2D）电子形成粘性流体。在这项工作中，我们揭示了高质量样品中的这种电子流体可以通过相变由弹道电子形成。为此，我们从理论上研究了2D弱相互作用电子的弹道流的演变，并增加了磁场的增加，并追踪了在某个临界场上流体分数的出现。这种流动的重组在纵向和大厅电阻的磁场依赖性中表现出来。值得注意的是，所研究的相变具有经典的机械起源，并取决于弹道尺寸效应和电子电子散射。我们的分析表明，在最近对石墨烯和高型GAAS量子井中2D电子的运输实验中显然观察到了这种影响。
Phase transitions are characterized by a sharp change in the type of dynamics of microparticles, and their description usually requires quantum mechanics. Recently, a peculiar type of conductors was discovered in which two-dimensional (2D) electrons form a viscous fluid. In this work we reveal that such electron fluid in high-quality samples can be formed from ballistic electrons via a phase transition. For this purpose, we theoretically study the evolution of a ballistic flow of 2D weakly interacting electrons with an increase of magnetic field and trace an emergence of a fluid fraction at a certain critical field. Such restructuring of the flow manifests itself in a kink in magnetic-field dependencies of the longitudinal and the Hall resistances. It is remarkable that the studied phase transition has a classical-mechanical origin and is determined by both the ballistic size effects and the electron-electron scattering. Our analysis shows that this effect was apparently observed in the recent transport experiments on 2D electrons in graphene and high-mobility GaAs quantum wells.
