论文标题

在高质量无星候选人中寻找冲击

Searching for shocks in high-mass starless clump candidates

论文作者

Zhu, Feng-Yao, Wang, Jun-Zhi, Liu, Tie, Kim, Kee-Tae, Zhu, Qing-Feng, Li, Fei

论文摘要

为了在恒星形成的早期阶段寻找冲击,我们进行了Sio J = 1-0、2-1和3-2行的单点调查,以及H $ _2 $ CO $ 2_ {12} -1_ {11} $行,通过使用Korean vlbi Networt(kvlbi Network)(kvlbi)21-MENTEM(SCCS)的样本(kvn) SIO J = 1-0、2-1、3-2行的检测率和H $ _2 $ CO线的$ 31.0 \%$,$ 31.0 \%$,$ 19.5 \%\%$和$ 93.0 \%\%$。在大规模恒星形成的这一阶段,冲击似乎很常见。观察到的SIO线的宽度(零功率(FWZP)的全宽度)范围为3.4至55.1 km S $^{ - 1} $。检测到的SIO光谱的显着分数($ \ sim29 \%$)具有宽线宽度(FWZP $> 20〜KM〜S^{ - 1} $),这很可能与ProtoStellar流出驱动的快速冲击相关。该结果表明,大约三分之一的SIO检测的SCC并非真正的无星,而是Protostellar。另一方面,检测到的SIO光谱中约有40美元$ \%$显示狭窄的线宽度(FWZP <10 $ km〜s^{ - 1} $)可能与低速冲击相关联,这些冲击不一定是原始原始原始的。估计的SIO列密度主要是$ 0.31-4.32 \ times10^{12} 〜cm^{ - 2} $。比较SiO柱密度源自SIO J = 1-0和2-1线,我们建议SCC中的SIO分子可能在非LTE条件下。 h $ _2 $的SIO丰度通常为$ 0.20-10.92 \ times10^{ - 10} $。

In order to search for shocks in the very early stage of star formation, we performed single-point surveys of SiO J=1-0, 2-1 and 3-2 lines and the H$_2$CO $2_{12}-1_{11}$ line toward a sample of 100 high-mass starless clump candidates (SCCs) by using the Korean VLBI Network (KVN) 21-m radio telescopes. The detection rates of the SiO J=1-0, 2-1, 3-2 lines and the H$_2$CO line are $31.0\%$, $31.0\%$, $19.5\%$ and $93.0\%$, respectively. Shocks seem to be common in this stage of massive star formation. The widths of the observed SiO lines (full width at zero power (FWZP)) range from 3.4 to 55.1 km s$^{-1}$. A significant fraction ($\sim29\%$) of the detected SiO spectra have broad line widths (FWZP $>20~km~s^{-1}$), which are very likely associated with fast shocks driven by protostellar outflows. This result suggests that about one third of the SiO-detected SCCs are not really starless but protostellar. On the other hand, about 40$\%$ of the detected SiO spectra show narrow line widths (FWZP<10 $km~s^{-1}$) probably associated with low-velocity shocks which are not necessarily protostellar in origin. The estimated SiO column densities are mostly $0.31-4.32\times10^{12}~cm^{-2}$. Comparing the SiO column densities derived from SiO J=1-0 and 2-1 lines, we suggest that the SiO molecules in the SCCs may be in the non-LTE condition. The SiO abundances to H$_2$ are usually $0.20-10.92\times10^{-10}$.

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