论文标题
Everettian概率,Deutsch-Wallace定理和主要原则
Everettian probabilities, the Deutsch-Wallace theorem and the Principal Principle
论文作者
论文摘要
本文涉及物理学概率,尤其是量子力学的性质。首先讨论了Itamar Pitowsky关于从1994年至2008年量子理论中概率的思维的演变,以及格里森(Gleason)1957年定理在他推导出生统治中的作用。 Pitowsky认为概率是部分信念的逻辑,这使我们对物理学的概率进行了更广泛的讨论,其中质疑客观的“机会”,并且大卫·刘易斯有影响力的原则原则的地位得到了严格的研究。接下来是David Deutsch和David Wallace作品的草图,该作品在Everettian量子力学中导致了Deutsch-Wallace(DW)定理。值得注意的是,这种重要的决策理论推导的作者对概率的含义具有不同的观点。该定理是Meir Hemmo和Pitowsky 2007年的批评的主题,并经过了约翰·埃曼(John Earman)的最新相关工作进行了严格审查。在这里,我们的主要论点是,与华莱士和西蒙·桑德斯(Simon Saunders)的主张相反,DW定理没有提供主要原则的理由。最后一节分析了最新的主张,即DW定理是多余的,这一结论似乎是通过考虑“ everettian Multiverse”中“ Deviant”分支机构的概率来加强的。
This paper is concerned with the nature of probability in physics, and in quantum mechanics in particular. It starts with a brief discussion of the evolution of Itamar Pitowsky's thinking about probability in quantum theory from 1994 to 2008, and the role of Gleason's 1957 theorem in his derivation of the Born Rule. Pitowsky's defence of probability therein as a logic of partial belief leads us into a broader discussion of probability in physics, in which the existence of objective "chances" is questioned, and the status of David Lewis' influential Principal Principle is critically examined. This is followed by a sketch of the work by David Deutsch and David Wallace which resulted in the Deutsch-Wallace (DW) theorem in Everettian quantum mechanics. It is noteworthy that the authors of this important decision-theoretic derivation of the Born Rule have different views concerning the meaning of probability. The theorem, which was the subject of a 2007 critique by Meir Hemmo and Pitowsky, is critically examined, along with recent related work by John Earman. Here our main argument is that the DW theorem does not provide a justification of the Principal Principle, contrary to claims by Wallace and Simon Saunders. A final section analyses recent claims to the effect that that the DW theorem is redundant, a conclusion that seems to be reinforced by consideration of probabilities in "deviant' branches in the Everettian multiverse.