论文标题
在任意冷却能力下的最大吸收冰箱效率
Maximum efficiency of absorption refrigerators at arbitrary cooling power
论文作者
论文摘要
我们考虑通过同时操作Carnot型热发动机和冰箱的吸收冰箱。它们在给定功率（MEGP）的最大效率是由内部发动机和冰箱的MEGP产品给出的。派生的唯一微妙之处在于，吸收冰箱的最大冷却能力不仅受内部冰箱的最大功率限制，而且由于第一定律，也由内部发动机的功率限制。作为一个特定的例子，我们考虑了由低径流（LD）热发动机和冰箱组成的同时吸收冰箱，为此已知。最大效率的派生表达意味着在LD吸收冰箱的MEGP上的界限。这也意味着，每当内部发动机的最大功率和冰箱的最大功率差异时，吸收冰箱与最大值的最大效率略有下降会导致热发动机观察到的效率大幅度提高。否则，效率的提高是线性的，如LD冰箱中所观察到的。因此，在所有实际情况下，当LD吸收冰箱的效率从最大值略有下降时，其冷却能力略有下降。
We consider absorption refrigerators consisting of simultaneously operating Carnot-type heat engine and refrigerator. Their maximum efficiency at given power (MEGP) is given by the product of MEGPs for the internal engine and refrigerator. The only subtlety of the derivation lies in the fact that the maximum cooling power of the absorption refrigerator is not limited just by the maximum power of the internal refrigerator but, due to the first law, also by that of the internal engine. As a specific example, we consider the simultaneous absorption refrigerators composed of low-dissipation (LD) heat engines and refrigerators, for which the expressions for MEGPs are known. The derived expression for maximum efficiency implies bounds on the MEGP of LD absorption refrigerators. It also implies that a slight decrease in power of the absorption refrigerator from its maximum value results in a large nonlinear increase in efficiency observed in heat engines whenever the ratio of maximum powers of the internal engine and the refrigerator does not diverge. Otherwise, the increase in efficiency is linear as observed in LD refrigerators. Thus, in all practical situations, the efficiency of LD absorption refrigerators significantly increases when their cooling power is slightly decreased from its maximum.
