论文标题

开放世界中服务机器人的语义任务计划

Semantic Task Planning for Service Robots in Open World

论文作者

Cui, Guowei, Shuai, Wei, Chen, Xiaoping

论文摘要

在本文中,我们提出了一个基于通用服务机器人语义推理的计划系统,该机器人旨在在包含不完整信息,指定目标和动态变化的域中更聪明地行事。首先,通过语音的自然语言处理模块生成了两种数据:(i)动作框架及其关系; (ii)用于指示动作框架中变量的某些属性或特征的修饰符。接下来,该任务的目标是从这些动作框架和修饰符中产生的。这些目标是将世界状态和域知识结合在一起的AI符号,这些符号用于通过答案集编程求解器来生成计划。最后,计划的动作是一个一个一个,连续的传感基础有用的信息,这使机器人使用偶然的知识来适应动态变化和故障。对于计划中的每个行动,计划者都从域知识中获得其前提和影响,因此在执行任务时,环境变化,尤其是那些与动作的冲突,不仅可以尽早发现和处理后续的动作,而且还可以尽早检测和处理。一系列案例研究用于评估系统并验证其通过与用户对话,解决所获得的因果知识的问题以及在开放世界中自动计划复杂任务的能力。

In this paper, we present a planning system based on semantic reasoning for a general-purpose service robot, which is aimed at behaving more intelligently in domains that contain incomplete information, under-specified goals, and dynamic changes. First, Two kinds of data are generated by Natural Language Processing module from the speech: (i) action frames and their relationships; (ii) the modifier used to indicate some property or characteristic of a variable in the action frame. Next, the goals of the task are generated from these action frames and modifiers. These goals are represented as AI symbols, combining world state and domain knowledge, which are used to generate plans by an Answer Set Programming solver. Finally, the actions of the plan are executed one by one, and continuous sensing grounds useful information, which make the robot to use contingent knowledge to adapt to dynamic changes and faults. For each action in the plan, the planner gets its preconditions and effects from domain knowledge, so during the execution of the task, the environmental changes, especially those conflict with the actions, not only the action being performed, but also the subsequent actions, can be detected and handled as early as possible. A series of case studies are used to evaluate the system and verify its ability to acquire knowledge through dialogue with users, solve problems with the acquired causal knowledge, and plan for complex tasks autonomously in the open world.

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