论文标题
流动波在长波长的鞭毛上是流体动力学最佳的
Travelling waves are hydrodynamically optimal for long-wavelength flagella
论文作者
论文摘要
诸如精子，藻类和纤毛等游泳真核微生物使用称为鞭毛的细长附属物的波动波状变形在粘性液中进行自我呈现。波是主要的，因为purcell的扇贝定理排除了运动的时间可逆运动学。在鞭毛游泳的周期性长波长模型上使用变化的演算，我们表明，平面鞭毛运动学运动学最大化了时间平均的推进力，以使周围流体中的固定量的能量对应于所有时间散发的能量，以使其始终在弯曲的中心线上以稳定的速度在稳定的速度上，并且在弯曲的中心方向上，始终在弯曲的中心上，始终在浪潮中与浪潮相反。
Swimming eukaryotic microorganisms such as spermatozoa, algae and ciliates self-propel in viscous fluids using travelling wave-like deformations of slender appendages called flagella. Waves are predominant because Purcell's scallop theorem precludes time-reversible kinematics for locomotion. Using the calculus of variations on a periodic long-wavelength model of flagellar swimming, we show that the planar flagellar kinematics maximising the time-averaged propulsive force for a fixed amount of energy dissipated in the surrounding fluid correspond for all times to waves travelling with constant speed, potentially on a curved centreline, with propulsion always in the direction opposite to the wave.
