论文标题
多孔和颗粒培养基中亚稳态状态的纳米级检测
Nanoscale detection of metastable states in porous and granular media
论文作者
论文摘要
在存在液体或气体注入的情况下,预计地下地质环境中的微吸收性(例如砂岩气储层)。尽管难以预测,但微作用事件的潜力对于现场规模的项目很重要,例如二氧化碳的地质储存,从而将气体注入天然砂岩形成。我们推测引起微吸血性的主要因素是颗粒多孔培养基中亚稳态状态的存在,并为其有效性提供了实验证据。外部扰动触发突然的松弛事件,该事件具有一定的概率,可以生长成宏观的微丝事件。在这里,通过冷却到低温温度来产生触发扰动。作为突然松弛事件的“传感器”,我们使用沉积在砂岩表面上的薄膜。我们表明,随着温度的变化,膜的电阻表现出急剧的跳跃,我们将其归因于砂岩织物中的机械重组或微裂缝。我们检查了砂岩上Al薄膜的超导特性,并在电压电流图上发现了微波炉引起的shapiro台阶。这样的量化步骤提供了该薄膜由纳米旋转网络制成的,这使其对在底物中发生的突然松弛事件(即在下面的砂岩中)更加敏感。
Microseismicity in subsurface geologic environments, such as sandstone gas reservoirs, is expected in the presence of liquid or gas injection. Although difficult to predict, the potential for microseismic events is important to field-scale projects, such as geologic storage of CO2 whereby the gas is injected into natural sandstone formations. We conjecture that a primary factor causing microseismicity is the existence of metastable states in granular porous medium and provide experimental evidence for its validity. External perturbation trigger abrupt relaxation events, which, with a certain probability, can grow into macroscopic microseismic events. Here the triggering perturbation is produced by cooling to a cryogenic temperature. As the "sensor" for the abrupt relaxation events we use thin Al films deposited on the sandstone surface. We show that as the temperature is varied, the films' resistance exhibits sharp jumps, which we attribute to mechanical restructuring or microfractures in the fabric of the sandstone. We checked the superconducting characteristics of the Al thin films on the sandstone and found microwave-induced Shapiro steps on the voltage-current diagrams. Such quantized steps provide indicates that the film is made of a network of nanobridges, which makes it ever more sensitive to abrupt relaxation events occurring in the substrate, i.e., in the underlying sandstone.