论文标题
在Hele-Shaw中的溶剂交换过程中,微核成核的普遍性
Universality in microdroplet nucleation during solvent exchange in Hele-Shaw like channels
论文作者
论文摘要
微型和纳米型具有许多重要的应用,例如在药物输送,液 - 液体提取,纳米材料合成和化妆品中。一种通常在一个简单步骤中生成大量微型或纳米环的常用方法是溶剂交换(也称为纳米沉淀),其中液滴相位的良好溶剂被较差的溶剂置换,从而产生了过度饱和脉冲,从而导致液滴成量。尽管其重要性至关重要,但由于该三元系统的过度饱和脉冲产生的液滴生长仍然鲜为人知。我们通过测量从中核定的油滴的总体积来实验和理论上研究Hele-Shaw类似通道的这种增长。为了防止过度饱和的油离开通道,我们在中间用多孔区域装饰了一些通道。使用各种溶液组成,流速和通道几何形状进行溶剂交换,发现测得的液滴的体积随着péclet数字$ pe $的增加而增加,近似有效的功率法$ v \ propto $ v \ popto pe^{0.50} $。开发了一个理论模型来说明这一发现。使用该模型,我们确实可以解释$ v \ propto pe^{1/2} $缩放,包括预制剂,该prefortor可以将“多孔”通道的所有数据崩溃到一个通用曲线上,而不论混合物的通道几何形状和组成如何。我们的工作为这种自下而上的液滴生成方法提供了一种宏观的方法,可以指导有关三元系统中过度饱和和成核的进一步研究。
Micro and nanodroplets have many important applications such as in drug delivery, liquid-liquid extraction, nanomaterial synthesis and cosmetics. A commonly used method to generate a large number of micro or nanodroplets in one simple step is solvent exchange (also called nanoprecipitation), in which a good solvent of the droplet phase is displaced by a poor one, generating an oversaturation pulse that leads to droplet nucleation. Despite its crucial importance, the droplet growth resulting from the oversaturation pulse in this ternary system is still poorly understood. We experimentally and theoretically study this growth in Hele-Shaw like channels by measuring the total volume of the oil droplets that nucleates out of it. In order to prevent the oversaturated oil from exiting the channel, we decorated some of the channels with a porous region in the middle. Solvent exchange is performed with various solution compositions, flow rates and channel geometries, and the measured droplets volume is found to increase with the Péclet number $Pe$ with an approximate effective power law $V\propto Pe^{0.50}$. A theoretical model is developed to account for this finding. With this model we can indeed explain the $V\propto Pe^{1/2}$ scaling, including the prefactor, which can collapse all data of the "porous" channels onto one universal curve, irrespective of channel geometry and composition of the mixtures. Our work provides a macroscopic approach to this bottom-up method of droplet generation and may guide further studies on oversaturation and nucleation in ternary systems.