论文标题
空中粘膜液滴分散分布，对疾病的影响
Aerial mucosalivary droplet dispersal distributions with implications for disease mitigation
论文作者
论文摘要
我们研究了与在仍然空气条件下进行物理实验的人类呼气相对应的水平表面上的粘膜分散和沉积。通过高速成像观察到具有与人打喷嚏相当的大小和速度分布的合成荧光标记的喷雾剂。我们表明，虽然一些较大的液滴遵循抛物线轨迹，但较小的液滴保持高空持续几秒钟，并以与浮力云动力学模型一致的速度缓慢沉降。由于源高度$ h $的增加，从坐在桌子上到站立，净沉积分布变得相应宽。我们发现，在距离处达到峰值$ x = 0.71 $ \，m时，沉积的粘膜粘膜在源前方呈指数衰减，当$ h = 0.5 $ \，m和$ x = 0.56 $ \，当$ h = 1.5 $ \，m时，带有标准偏差$ \ y of标准偏差$ \ \ of oft y of。超过99 \％的粘膜粘膜存放在$ x = 2 $ \，m之内，而降落时间{\ em远。然后，我们证明标准的鼻子和口罩可将粘膜分散的粘膜降低至少一百倍，而在揭露时记录的峰。
We investigate mucosalivary dispersal and deposition on horizontal surfaces corresponding to human exhalations with physical experiments under still-air conditions. Synthetic fluorescence tagged sprays with size and speed distributions comparable to human sneezes are observed with high-speed imaging. We show that while some larger droplets follow parabolic trajectories, smaller droplets stay aloft for several seconds and settle slowly with speeds consistent with a buoyant cloud dynamics model. The net deposition distribution is observed to become correspondingly broader as the source height $H$ is increased, ranging from sitting at a table to standing upright. We find that the deposited mucosaliva decays exponentially in front of the source, after peaking at distance $x = 0.71$\,m when $H = 0.5$\,m, and $x = 0.56$\,m when $H=1.5$\,m, with standard deviations $\approx 0.5$\,m. Greater than 99\% of the mucosaliva is deposited within $x = 2$\,m, with faster landing times {\em further} from the source. We then demonstrate that a standard nose and mouth mask reduces the mucosaliva dispersed by a factor of at least a hundred compared to the peaks recorded when unmasked.
