论文标题
电动汽车的联合路由和充电问题与奖励意识的客户一起考虑时空充电价格
Joint Routing and Charging Problem of Electric Vehicles with Incentive-aware Customers Considering Spatio-temporal Charging Prices
论文作者
论文摘要
本文调查了电动汽车舰队的调度问题,并为一组时间指定的客户提供了移动性,操作员需要在其中共同解决每个EV的路由和充电问题。在此,我们考虑了感力的客户,并建议操作员向客户提供货币激励措施,以换取时间的灵活性。这样,车队运营商可以实现较低成本的路由和充电时间表,而客户的灵活性获得了货币薪酬。具体而言,我们首先提出了一个双层优化模型,该模型在该模型中,机队操作员优化了对时空变化的充电价格的路由和充电计划,并共同借助货币动机来重新偿还客户所经历的交付时间灵活性。客户同时通过最大程度地减少自己的成本来选择自己的时间灵活性。其次,我们应对来自这种非线性双重优化模型的计算负担,采用由KKT最佳条件,基于M的大型线性化方法和凸优化问题的零双重性差距组成的精确重新制定方法。这样,我们将提出的问题转换为单级优化问题,可以通过加强的广义弯曲器分解方法来解决,而比概括性弯曲器分解方法保持更快的收敛速率。为了评估提出的数学模型的有效性,我们使用比利时的VRP-REP数据进行了许多模拟实验。数值结果表明,提出的数学模型可以减少客户的交付费用以及车队运营商产生的运营成本。
This paper investigates the scheduling problem of a fleet of electric vehicles, providing mobility as a service to a set of time-specified customers, where the operator needs to solve the routing and charging problem jointly for each EV. Hereby we consider incentive-aware customers and propose that the operator offers monetary incentives to customers in exchange for time flexibility. In this way, the fleet operator can achieve a routing and charging schedule with lower costs, whilst the customers receive monetary compensation for their flexibility. Specifically, we first propose a bi-level optimization model whereby the fleet operator optimizes the routing and charging schedule accounting for the spatio-temporal varying charging price, jointly with a monetary incentive to reimburse the delivery time flexibility experienced by the customers. Concurrently the customers choose their own time flexibility by minimizing their own cost. Second, we cope with the computational burden coming from this nonlinear bi-level optimization model with an accurate reformulation approach consisting of the KKT optimality conditions, a Big-M-based linearization method, and the zero duality gap of convex optimization problems. This way, we convert the proposed problem into a single-level optimization problem, which can be solved by a strengthened generalized Benders decomposition method holding a faster convergence rate than the generalized Benders decomposition method. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed mathematical model, we carry out numerous simulation experiments by using the VRP-REP data of Belgium. The numerical results showcase that the proposed mathematical model can reduce the delivery fees for the customers together with the cost of operation incurred by the fleet operator.