论文标题
实验中少量副本检测的观点
A perspective on few-copy entanglement detection in experiments
论文作者
论文摘要
尽管实现有用的量子计算机构成了重大挑战，但新兴量子技术中的迅速进步正在使这一目标实际上可以接近。在这种情况下，基本资源之一是量子纠缠，它允许量子计算的表现优于其经典对应物。但是，由于几个原因，纠缠检测的任务并不总是很简单。主要挑战之一是，在处理包含多个量子位以上的量子状态时，标准使用的方法迅速变得不可行。通常，这是由于以下事实：国家的许多副本都需要大量的测量。通常，处理实验环境中的状态副本非常有限并不罕见 - 实际上，对于许多大型量子系统而言，情况可能是这种情况。在本文中，提供了一种概率方法的概述，该方法可以使用异常数量的状态拷贝来实现高信心真正的多部分纠缠检测。此外，还提出了一项研究表明，在存在噪声的情况下，该方案仍然有效，从而证实了该方法的近期量子设备的实用性及其对复杂实验环境的适用性。
Although the realization of useful quantum computers poses significant challenges, swift progress in emerging quantum technologies is making this goal realistically approachable. In this context, one of the essential resources is quantum entanglement, which allows for quantum computations outperforming their classical counterparts. However, the task of entanglement detection is not always straightforward for several reasons. One of the main challenges is that standardly-used methods rapidly become unfeasible when dealing with quantum states containing more than a few qubits. Typically, this is due to the fact that a vast amount of measurements is needed on many copies of the state. Generally, it is not unusual to deal with a very limited number of state copies in experimental settings - in fact, this may be the case for many large quantum systems. In this article, an overview is provided of a probabilistic approach that enables high-confidence genuine multipartite entanglement detection using an exceptionally low number of state copies. Additionally, a study is presented that shows that this protocol remains efficient also in the presence of noise, thus confirming the practicality of the method for near-term quantum devices and its suitability for complex experimental settings.
