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We study the monodromy map for logarithmic $\mathfrak g$-differential systems over an oriented surface $S_0$ of genus $g$, with $\mathfrak g$ being the Lie algebra of a complex reductive affine algebraic group $G$. These logarithmic $\mathfrak g$-differential systems are triples of the form $(X, D,Φ)$, where $(X, D) \in {\mathcal T}_{g,d}$ is an element of the Teichmüller space of complex structures on $S_0$ with $d \geq 1$ ordered marked points $D\subset S_0= X$ and $Φ$ is a logarithmic connection on the trivial holomorphic principal $G$-bundle $X \times G$ over $X$ whose polar part is contained in the divisor $D$. We prove that the monodromy map from the space of logarithmic $\mathfrak g$-differential systems to the character variety of $G$-representations of the fundamental group of $S_0\setminus D$ is an immersion at the generic point, in the following two cases: A) $g \geq 2$, $d \geq 1$, and $\dim_{\mathbb C}G \geq d+2$; B) $g=1$ and $\dim_{\mathbb C}G \geq d$. The above monodromy map is nowhere an immersion in the following two cases: 1) $g=0$ and $d \geq 4$; 2) $g\geq 1$ and $\dim_{\mathbb C}G < \frac{d+3g-3}{g}$. This extends to the logarithmic case the main results in \cite{CDHL}, \cite{BD} dealing with nonsingular holomorphic $\mathfrak g$-differential systems (which corresponds to the case of $d\,=\,0$).