论文标题
多路径辅助无线电感知和占用智能内部停车场的占用率检测
Multipath-assisted Radio Sensing and Occupancy Detection for Smart In-house Parking in ITS
论文作者
论文摘要
联合，基于无线电的通信，定位和传感是具有各种应用潜力的快速新兴研究领域。从这些功能中受益匪浅，智能城市，流动性和逻辑概念是最大程度地提高现代运输系统效率的关键组成部分。在城市环境中，寻找停车位和货运运输的搜索都在耗时和空间，并为这些运输链展示了瓶颈。可以通过使用可改装的无线传感器网络来实现这些异构需求配置文件（主动和被动定位）的位置信息，这些信息通常仅用于主动定位。可以通过评估存储在通道脉冲响应（CIR）中的传输通道的信号反射和多径特性来实现对象的附加被动检测。在这项工作中，提出了基于CIR的停车场检测的概念验证实现和初步实验结果。由于时间分辨率取决于可用的带宽，因此使用了超宽带收发器的CIR。为此，通过执行背景减法来检测到CIR的平滑，并且在其内部变化。最后，反射物体被映射到单个停车场。开发的方法在内部停车场进行了测试。提供的工作是被动占用检测的基础，可以通过利用其他物理层（例如5G甚至6G）来提高其能力。
Joint, radio-based communication, localization and sensing is a rapidly emerging research field with various application potentials. Greatly benefiting from these capabilities, smart city, mobility, and logistic concepts are key components for maximizing the efficiency of modern transportation systems. In urban environments, both the search for parking space and freight transport are time- and space-consuming and present the bottlenecks for these transportation chains. Providing location information for these heterogeneous requirement profiles (both active and passive localization of objects), can be realized by using retrofittable wireless sensor networks, which are typically only deployed for active localization. An additional passive detection of objects can be achieved by assessing signal reflections and multipath properties of the transmission channel stored within the Channel Impulse Response (CIR). In this work, a proof-of-concept realization and preliminary experimental results of a CIR-based occupancy detection for parking lots are presented. As the time resolution is dependent on available bandwidth, the CIR of Ultra-wideband transceivers are used. For this, the CIR is smoothed and time-variant changes within it are detected by performing a background subtraction. Finally, the reflecting objects are mapped to individual parking lots. The developed method is tested in an in-house parking garage. The work provided is a foundation for passive occupancy detection, whose capabilities can prospectively be enhanced by exploiting additional physical layers, such as 5G or even 6G.
