论文标题
列表和极性活性流体表面的理论
Theory of nematic and polar active fluid surfaces
论文作者
论文摘要
我们得出了由内部和外部力和扭矩进行的列态和极性活性表面流体动力学的完全协变量理论。我们研究了极性和列表表面的对称性，并且发现除了5种不同类型的平面各向同性表面，极性和列表表面还可以分为5个极性，2个极性，2个假极性，5个甲状腺酸，5种列和2个假性表面。我们给出了我们确定的不同类型表面的物理实现的示例。我们获得了作用在被动极性或列表表面的平衡张力，力矩以及外部力量和扭矩的表达式。我们使用接近平衡的热力学的框架来计算熵的生产速率，并找到具有不同对称性的极性和列表活动表面的组成方程。我们研究了一个密封的平面 - 手工极性活性层的不稳定性以及损坏的靠向对称性的狭窄可变形极性表面的不稳定性。
We derive a fully covariant theory of the hydrodynamics of nematic and polar active surfaces, subjected to internal and external forces and torques. We study the symmetries of polar and nematic surfaces and find that in addition to 5 different types of in-plane isotropic surfaces, polar and nematic surfaces can be classified into 5 polar, 2 pseudopolar, 5 nematic and 2 pseudonematic types of surfaces. We give examples of physical realisations of the different types of surfaces we have identified. We obtain expressions for the equilibrium tensions, moments, and external forces and torques acting on a passive polar or nematic surface. We calculate the entropy production rate using the framework of thermodynamics close to equilibrium and find constitutive equations for polar and nematic active surfaces with different symmetries. We study the instabilities of a confined flat planar-chiral polar active layer and of a confined deformable polar active surface with broken up-down symmetry.
