论文标题
使用高维扭曲光子作为量子有限自动机的量子优势
Quantum advantage using high-dimensional twisted photons as quantum finite automata
论文作者
论文摘要
量子有限自动机（QFA）是使用量子操作做出二进制决策的基本计算设备。与其经典同行相比，已知它们具有指数性的记忆力。在这里，我们使用单个光子的轨道角动量（OAM）证明了多量QFA的实验实现。我们实施了在单个光子上编码的不同高维QFA，在该光子上，多个量子位并行运行，而无需复杂的多目标操作。使用两到八个OAM量子状态实现多达四个平行量子位，我们表明，高维QFA能够检测到质数5和11，而就所需的内存而言，在表现优于经典的有限自动机。我们的工作受益于在单个光子的OAM自由度中编码的编码，操纵和解密的多量状态的易用性，这证明了结构化光子的优势提供了复杂的量子信息任务。
Quantum finite automata (QFA) are basic computational devices that make binary decisions using quantum operations. They are known to be exponentially memory efficient compared to their classical counterparts. Here, we demonstrate an experimental implementation of multi-qubit QFAs using the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of single photons. We implement different high-dimensional QFAs encoded on a single photon, where multiple qubits operate in parallel without the need for complicated multi-partite operations. Using two to eight OAM quantum states to implement up to four parallel qubits, we show that a high-dimensional QFA is able to detect the prime numbers 5 and 11 while outperforming classical finite automata in terms of the required memory. Our work benefits from the ease of encoding, manipulating, and deciphering multi-qubit states encoded in the OAM degree of freedom of single photons, demonstrating the advantages structured photons provide for complex quantum information tasks.
