论文标题
量化信息通过可编程量子模拟器上的经典影子层析成像争夺
Quantifying information scrambling via Classical Shadow Tomography on Programmable Quantum Simulators
论文作者
论文摘要
我们开发技术来探测量子信息的动力学，并在IBM超导量子处理器上实验实现它们。我们的协议适应了阴影层析成像的时间进化通道，而不是量子状态的研究，仅依靠单量操作和测量。我们确定了两个明确的量子信息签名，量子信息争夺，这两个签名都无法通过耗散过程模仿，并将其与多体向传送联系起来。通过实现实验中的量子混沌动力学，我们可以测量特征，并通过量子系统的数值模拟来支持我们的结果。我们还研究了这种动态下的操作员生长，并观察量子混乱的行为特征。由于我们的方法一次仅需要一个量子状态，因此可以很容易地将它们应用于各种量子模拟器上。
We develop techniques to probe the dynamics of quantum information, and implement them experimentally on an IBM superconducting quantum processor. Our protocols adapt shadow tomography for the study of time evolution channels rather than of quantum states, and rely only on single-qubit operations and measurements. We identify two unambiguous signatures of quantum information scrambling, neither of which can be mimicked by dissipative processes, and relate these to many-body teleportation. By realizing quantum chaotic dynamics in experiment, we measure both signatures, and support our results with numerical simulations of the quantum system. We additionally investigate operator growth under this dynamics, and observe behaviour characteristic of quantum chaos. As our methods require only a single quantum state at a time, they can be readily applied on a wide variety of quantum simulators.
