论文标题

单参数代理商和双边贸易的非显而易见的操作性

Non-Obvious Manipulability for Single-Parameter Agents and Bilateral Trade

论文作者

Archbold, Thomas, de Keijzer, Bart, Ventre, Carmine

论文摘要

最新的机制设计工作线重点是保证在没有偶然性推理技能的情况下对代理商的激励兼容性:明显的策略性型机制可以确保这些不完美的理性代理人诚实行事是“显而易见的”,而无明显操纵的(候选)机制只能使这些机制更加启发,并且在这些机制中只能使他们更加愉快。从技术上讲,显而易见的性需要比较代理商实用程序的某些极端(根据其他代理的行为定义),以实现对不诚实行为的诚实行为。 我们提出了一种在基于周期单调性允许货币转移允许货币转移的设置中设计NOM机制的技术,这使我们能够将机制分配的规范从付款中删除。通过利用此框架,我们完全表征了单参数代理的NOM机制的分配和支付功能。然后,我们研究双边贸易的经典环境,并研究是否需要多少补贴来保证NOM,效率和个人合理性。我们证明了鲜明的二分法;如果代理人仅在最佳案例极端情况下看,则没有有限的补贴足够,而当代理商专注于最坏情况时,根本不需要补贴。我们通过表征不需要补贴的同时满足个人合理性的NOM机制来结束本文。

A recent line of work in mechanism design has focused on guaranteeing incentive compatibility for agents without contingent reasoning skills: obviously strategyproof mechanisms guarantee that it is "obvious" for these imperfectly rational agents to behave honestly, whereas non-obviously manipulable (NOM) mechanisms take a more optimistic view and ensure that these agents will only misbehave when it is "obvious" for them to do so. Technically, obviousness requires comparing certain extrema (defined over the actions of the other agents) of an agent's utilities for honest behaviour against dishonest behaviour. We present a technique for designing NOM mechanisms in settings where monetary transfers are allowed based on cycle monotonicity, which allows us to disentangle the specification of the mechanism's allocation from the payments. By leveraging this framework, we completely characterise both allocation and payment functions of NOM mechanisms for single-parameter agents. We then look at the classical setting of bilateral trade and study whether and how much subsidy is needed to guarantee NOM, efficiency, and individual rationality. We prove a stark dichotomy; no finite subsidy suffices if agents look only at best-case extremes, whereas no subsidy at all is required when agents focus on worst-case extremes. We conclude the paper by characterising the NOM mechanisms that require no subsidies whilst satisfying individual rationality.

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