论文标题
非马克维亚动力学系统中的随机热力学
Stochastic Thermodynamics in a Non-Markovian Dynamical System
论文作者
论文摘要
随机热力学的发展领域扩展了宏观热力学的概念，例如熵产生和工作，并将系统通过相位空间采用的单个轨迹的微观水平。该方案涉及将系统耦合到环境 - 通常是影响系统动力学的马尔可夫噪声源。在这里，我们扩展了此框架以考虑一个非马克维亚环境，该环境的动态具有内存并与系统变量创建其他相关性，并通过选择简单示例来说明这一点。这样的环境会产生各种各样的行为。特别是，对于热弛豫的情况，在非马克维亚动力学下产生的熵的分布与马尔可夫动力学的等效情况只有延迟时间不同。当打开时间依赖时间的外部工作协议时，系统与环境的相关性可以帮助或阻碍其平衡的方法，并影响其熵的产生，具体取决于系统和环境之间的耦合强度。
The developing field of stochastic thermodynamics extends concepts of macroscopic thermodynamics such as entropy production and work to the microscopic level of individual trajectories taken by a system through phase space. The scheme involves coupling the system to an environment - typically a source of Markovian noise that affects the dynamics of the system. Here we extend this framework to consider a non-Markovian environment, one whose dynamics have memory and which create additional correlations with the system variables, and illustrate this with a selection of simple examples. Such an environment produces a rich variety of behaviours. In particular, for a case of thermal relaxation, the distributions of entropy produced under the non-Markovian dynamics differ from the equivalent case of Markovian dynamics only by a delay time. When a time-dependent external work protocol is turned on, the system's correlations with the environment can either assist or hinder its approach to equilibrium, and affect its production of entropy, depending on the coupling strength between the system and environment.
