论文标题
无聊的单子
The Boring Monopole
论文作者
论文摘要
我们研究了虚假的真空衰变，这些衰变是由磁性单极管催化的，这些磁性单孔充当隧穿的位点，其衰减速率呈指数增强。描述衰减的场曲线没有通常假定的$ o（3）/o（4）$对称性，因此需要扩展通常的衰减率计算。为了确定描述隧道过程的鞍点解决方案，我们使用基于山间通过定理的新算法。该方法可以更广泛地应用于降低对称性的相变，例如从零和无限温度限制衰减。我们的结果表明，单极催化的隧道可以在均匀的较广泛参数上占主导地位，从而显着修改重力波信号或触发相变，否则这些偏移将永远无法完成。我们哈勃贴片中的一个无聊的单子可以决定标准模型真空的寿命。
We study false vacuum decays catalysed by magnetic monopoles which act as tunnelling sites with exponentially enhanced decay rates. The field profiles describing the decay do not have the typically assumed $O(3)/O(4)$ symmetry, thus requiring an extension of the usual decay rate calculation. To numerically determine the saddle point solutions which describe the tunnelling process we use a new algorithm based on the mountain pass theorem. This method can be applied more widely to phase transitions with reduced symmetry, such as decays away from the zero and infinite temperature limits. Our results show that monopole-catalysed tunnelling can dominate over the homogeneous false vacuum decay for a wide range of parameters, significantly modify the gravitational wave signal or trigger phase transitions which would otherwise never complete. A single boring monopole in our Hubble patch may determine the lifetime of the Standard Model vacuum.
