论文标题

使用集成光谱推断出层次外球状簇的氦气丰度

Inferring the Helium abundance of extragalactic Globular Clusters using Integrated Spectra

论文作者

Leath, Henry J., Beasley, Michael A., Vazdekis, Alexandre, Salvador-Rusiñol, Nuria, Gvozdenko, Anastasia

论文摘要

确定未解决的静脉外球状簇的相关恒星种群参数的主要方法是通过研究其综合光谱法,在该光谱方面,Balmer线 - 强度指数被认为是对年龄敏感的。以前,在所有金属的银河球状簇样品中观察到高度优化的光谱线 - 强度指数H $β_O$,从而在H $β_O$ - [mgfe]图中在H $β_O$ $ $ $ $β_O$ - [mgfe]图中具有明显的“上分支”和“下分支”。这被认为是由炎热的蓝色散颗星(BSS)的存在引起的,从而低估了上部分支的“光谱”年龄。十年来,我们希望重新评估这些发现。我们利用新的大型银河系集成光谱数据集。为了产生大型,同质组合的样品,我们考虑了许多因素,包括Balmer和金属线的径向依赖性。使用此新样本,与先前的工作分歧,我们发现H $β_O$中的分裂仅发生在中间至高金属度([m/h] $> 1 $)中,而不是BSS分数增加的结果,而是由于氦气的增加所致。我们探讨了各种氦气对简单恒星种群模型的可能影响,以为我们的假设提供理论基础,然后使用上部分支候选和增强氦气之间的关系以预测三个M31簇的氦气含量。我们讨论这可以告诉我们他们的第一代恒星的质量和部分。

The leading method for the determination of relevant stellar population parameters of unresolved extragalactic Globular Clusters is through the study of their integrated spectroscopy, where Balmer line-strength indices are considered to be age sensitive. Previously, a splitting in the highly optimised spectral line-strength index H$β_o$ was observed in a sample of Galactic globular clusters at all metallicities resulting in an apparent "upper branch" and "lower branch" of globular clusters in the H$β_o$ - [MgFe] diagram. This was suggested to be caused by the presence of hot Blue straggler stars (BSSs), resulting in an underestimation of 'spectroscopic' ages in the upper branch. Over a decade on, we look to re-evaluate these findings. We make use of new, large Galactic Globular Cluster integrated spectroscopy datasets. To produce a large, homogeneously combined sample we have considered a number of factors including the radial dependence of Balmer and metal lines. Using this new sample, in disagreement with previous work, we find the splitting in H$β_o$ only occurs at intermediate to high metallicities ([M/H]$>-1$), and is not the result of an increased fraction of BSSs, but rather is due to an increased Helium abundance. We explore the possible impact of varying Helium on simple stellar population models to provide a theoretical basis for our hypothesis and then use the relationship between upper branch candidacy and enhanced Helium to predict the Helium content of three M31 clusters. We discuss what this can tell us about their mass and fraction of first generation stars.

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