论文标题
用于波包动力学的X射线成像的仿真
Simulations for x-ray imaging of wave-packet dynamics
论文作者
论文摘要
先前在具有X射线散射的波动数据包动力学上的作品表明，散射模式显着偏离了波数据包的瞬时动量密度的概念。在这里，我们表明，如果同时确定散射电子和散射光子动量的最终状态，散射模式可以提供对电子波包动力学的清晰见解。散射概率显示与瞬时空间波函数的傅立叶变换成正比，该空间波函数由电子的最终状态加权。探索了几种选择电子最终状态的情况。首先，提出了最终测量最终状态至给定的主量子数$ n $和轨道角动量$ L $的情况。接下来，讨论只能确定最终状态到给定能量的情况。最后，检查了由大量已知固定状态和少量未知固定状态组成的初始波数据包的情况。散射曲线用于确定波数据包中未知状态的属性。
Previous work on imaging wave packet dynamics with x-ray scattering revealed that the scattering patterns deviate substantially from the notion of instantaneous momentum density of the wave packet. Here we show that scattering patterns can provide clear insights into the electron wave packet dynamics if the final state of the scattered electron and the scattered photon momentum are determined simultaneously. The scattering probability is shown to be proportional to the modulus square of the Fourier transform of the instantaneous spatial wave function weighted by the final state of the electron. Several cases for the choice of final state of the electron are explored. First, the case where the final state can be measured up to a given principal quantum number $n$ and orbital angular momentum $l$ are presented. Next, the case where the final states can only be determined up to a given energy is discussed. Finally, the case of an initial wave packet consisting of a large amount of a known stationary state and a small amount of an unknown stationary state is examined. The scattering profile is used to determine the properties of the unknown state in the wave packet.
